WEEK 3 Flashcards
Forms the cell’s flexible outer surface, separating the cell’s internal environment from the external environment.
Plasma Membrane
Consists of all the cellular contents between the plasma membrane and the nucleus.
Cytoplasm
Fluid portion of the cytoplasm, also called intracellular fluid, contains water, dissolved solutes, and suspended particles
Cytosol
Little organs of the cell with a specific shape and specific functions.
Organelles
A large organelle that houses most of a cell’s DNA.
Nucleus
A single molecule of DNA associate with several proteins, contains thousands of hereditary units.
Chromosomes
Hereditary units that control most aspects of cellular structure and function
Genes
According to this model, the molecular arrangement of the plasma membrane resembles a continually moving sea of fluid lipids that contains a mosaic of many different proteins.
Fluid Mosaic Model
Basic structural framework of the plasma membrane. Two back-to-back layers made up to three types of lipid molecules: phospholipids, cholesterol, glycolipids
Lipid Bilayer
Lipids that contain phosphorous
Phospholipids
A steroid with an attached -OH(hydroxyl) group
Cholesterol
Lipids with attached carbohydrate groups
Glycolipids
Both nonpolar and polar
Amphipathic
Extend into or through the lipid bilayer and are firmly embedded in it.
Integral Proteins
Type of integral proteins that span the entire lipid bilayer and protrude into both the cytosol and extracellular fluid
Transmembrane Proteins
Proteins that are not firmly embedded in the membrane. Attached to the polar heads of membrane lipids or to integral proteins at the inner or outer surface of the membrane
Peripheral Proteins
Type of integral proteins with carbohydrate groups attached to the ends that protrude into the extracellular fluid
Glycoproteins
Carbohydrate portions of glycolipids and glycoproteins form an extensive sugary coat called
Glycocalyx
Integral protein that forms a pore through which a specific ion can flow to get across membrane.
Ion Channel
Integral protein that transports a specific substance across membrane by undergoing a change in shape
Carrier
Integral protein that recognizes specific ligand and alters cell’s function in some way
Receptor
Integral and peripheral protein that catalyzes reactions inside or outside the cell
Enzyme
Integral and peripheral protein that anchors filaments inside and outside the plasma membrane, providing structural stability and shape for the cell.
Linker
Glycoprotein that distinguishes your cells from anyone else’s
Cell Identity Marker