Week 2 Part 1

Question 1

What is bilirubin the by-product of?

Answer 1

Red blood cells

Question 2

Which ribs protect the liver?

Answer 2

7-11

Question 3

What are the 4 anatomical lobes of the liver?

Answer 3

Caudate lobe

Right lobe

Left lobe

Quadrate lobe

Question 4

How many functional lobes does the liver have?

Answer 4

8

Question 5

What is the name of the ligament that is on the inferior part of the liver that is the remnant of the umbilical vein?

Answer 5

Round ligament

Question 6

What is the name of the ligament that separates the right and left lobes of the liver?

Answer 6

Falciform ligament

Question 7

What is the name of the site of entrance for the portal triad structures?

Answer 7

Porta hepatis

Question 8

What is special about the IVC and the hepatic veins?

Answer 8

They lack valves

Question 9

How many hepatic veins are there?

Answer 9

3

Question 10

What structures runs within the hepato duodenal ligament?

Answer 10

Portal triad

Question 11

What makes up the portal triad?

Answer 11

Hepatic portal vein

Hepatic artery proper

Bile duct

Question 12

What ribs protect the spleen?

Answer 12

9-11

Question 13

If a patient lies on their back, what two places can fluid collect?

Answer 13

Hepatorenal recess

Rectovesical/uterine pouch

Question 14

What is the name of the recess between the kidney and the liver?

Answer 14

Hepatorenal recess

Question 15

What is the name of the recess between the liver and the diaphragm/lung?

Answer 15

Subphrenic recess

Question 16

What sac are the sub-phrenic and hepatorenal recess a part of?

Answer 16

The greater sac

Question 17

What is the hepatic portal vein formed by?

Answer 17

Splenic vein

Superior mesenteric vein

Question 18

Is the inferior vena cava retroperitoneal or intraperitoneal?

Answer 18

Retroperitoneal

Question 19

What structures make up the traingle of calot?

Answer 19

Cystic artery

Cystic duct

Common hepatic duct

Question 20

Where are lymph nodes located in intestinal tissue?

Answer 20

Scattered throughout the epithelium and lamina propria

In Peyer’s patches and isolated lymphoid follicles

Question 21

What cells cover Peyer’s patches?

Answer 21

M cells

Question 22

Where do activated T cells drain to?

Answer 22

Thoracic duct via the mesenteric lymph nodes

Question 23

What type of hypersensitivity reaction is a food allergy?

Answer 23

Type I

Question 24

Is coeliac disease an allergy?

Answer 24

NO

Question 25

What is coeliac disease mediated by?

Answer 25

T cells and IEL

Question 26

What is Crohn's disease mediated by?

Answer 26

TH1 CD4+ T cells Gamma interferon IL-12 TNF alpha

Question 27

What kind of things could cause ischaemia of the small bowel (not including arterial occlusion)?

Answer 27

Shock Strangulation obstructing venous return e/g/ hernia Drugs (cocaine) Hyperviscosity

Question 28

What is Meckel's Diverticulum?

Answer 28

Tubular structure, 2 inches long, 2 foot above the ileoceacal valve May cause diverticulitis Mimicks appendicitis in these cases but its commonly assymptomatic

Question 29

What types of primary tumour can you get in the small bowel?

Answer 29

Lymphomas Carcinoid tumours Carcinomas

Question 30

What type of tumour of the small intestine is rare, small, yellow and slow growing?

Answer 30

Carcinoid tumour

Question 31

Crohn's disease and coeliac disease are associated with what type of tumour in the small bowel?

Answer 31

Carcinoma

Question 32

What is the normal life span of an enterocyte?

Answer 32

About 72hrs

Question 33

What serology would you do on a patient if you suspected coeliac disease?

Answer 33

Anti -TTG Anti-endomesial Anti-gliadin

Question 34

In coeliac disease there is a malabsorption of fats. What can this lead to?

Answer 34

Steatorrhea

Question 35

Reduced bile flow in coeliac disease can increase the risk of what?

Answer 35

Gallstones