week 2 metacognitive illusions

Question 1

what is the cause of metacognitive illusions?

Answer 1

people associate easier learning ‘fluency’ with better memory but in reality harder learning ‘desirable difficulty’ leads to better retention

Question 2

what is interleaving

Answer 2

mixing up topics during practice

Question 3

fluency heuristic

Answer 3

associating the ease of learning with better memory even-though harder learning improves retention

Question 4

why can fluent teaching styles be misleading?

Answer 4

they increase the feeling of learning without improving actual understanding or retention

Question 5

why is active learning better than passive

Answer 5

involves engaging with problems - better retention

Question 6

why might e-learning create metacognitive illusions?

Answer 6

its entertaining and fluent design can give a false sense of understanding

Question 7

what is the benefit of spaced learning

Answer 7

improves long-term retention

Question 8

who came up with desirable difficulty

Answer 8

Bjork 1994

Question 9

what is desirable difficulty

Answer 9

obstacles that slow the process of learning produce durable memories and better learning

Question 10

In terms of ACTUAL learning, Carpenter et al. (2013) found that fluent lecture style

Answer 10

Made no difference to learning

Question 11

In terms of students’ BELIEFS about learning, Carpenter et al. (2013) found that a fluent lecture style

Answer 11

Improved learning

Question 12

Compared to students taught by instructors given low teaching evaluations, Yunker and Yunker (2003) found that students taught by instructors given high teaching evaluations performed ____ in a follow-up course.

Answer 12

worse

Question 13

Annotating lecture slides during a lecture is equivalent to what other type of lecture activity?

Answer 13

passive observation

Question 14

Dr Jones believes that it is better to show students how to solve problems so that they avoid bad habits that lead to the wrong solution. Based on his teaching style, Dr Jones would likely be rated as a(n) ______ teacher by his students.

Answer 14

effective

Question 15

Copying lecture slide content into notes has what effect on learning?

Answer 15

Good short-term learning but poor long-term learning

Question 16

The type of note taking that leads to the best long-term learning is

Answer 16

Retrieving key points from the previous lecture segment during lecture pauses

Question 17

Note-taking has what effect on revision time that takes place weeks after a lecture?

Answer 17

it decreases it

Question 18

what was the purpose of yunker and yunkers 2003 study

Answer 18

investigated if students evaluation of teaching accurately reflected teaching quality and learning outcomes

Question 19

what was the method in yunker and yunkers 2003 study

Answer 19

Compared student grades in Intermediate Accounting (a follow-up course) based on their evaluations of instructors from Introductory Accounting (a prerequisite course).
The focus was on whether high instructor ratings in the first course correlated with better performance in the second course.

Question 20

what were the key findings from yunker and yunker 2003 study

Answer 20

negative correlation - students who gave higher ratings to their introductory accounting instructors tended to perform worse in intermediate accounting
suggesting highly-rated instructors may focus on teaching styles students like but these don’t lead to better long-term learning.

Question 21

what did carpenter 2013 suggest

Answer 21

instructor fluency can significantly influence how students perceive their own learning and the instructors effectiveness

Question 22

what can fluency lead to in students

Answer 22

overconfidence in how much they think they have learnt