Week 2 - Intro & Historical Influences

Question 1

T/F - social welfare policy is wider than that of social policy

Answer 1

False. social policy is wider than that of social welfare policy

Question 2

Social policy is wider than WHAT?

Answer 2

social welfare policy

Question 3

Explain the relationship between the following in terms of circles
-Social policy
-Social welfare policy
-Public policy

Answer 3

Social welfare policy is the smaller circle,

social policy is LARGER / WIDER,

and public policy is wider than social policy, although sometimes social policy is articulated as public policy

Question 4

Social welfare policy deals with specific issues in WHAT

Answer 4

social welfare programs

Question 5

Social welfare policy - quality and effectiveness of WHAT and mostly in the area of WHAT

Answer 5

social service programs, area of distributive justice.

Question 6

Social policy is concerned with WHAT in society?

Answer 6

BIG issues in society

Question 7

Does social welfare policy, social policy, or public policy deal with:

• social inequality
• human rights and freedoms

Answer 7

social policy

Question 8

Does social welfare policy, social policy, or public policy deal with:

social service programs

Answer 8

social welfare policy

Question 9

Does social welfare policy, social policy, or public policy deal with:

• distribution of wealth employment
• social problems and political issues.

Answer 9

social policy

Question 10

Does social welfare policy, social policy, or public policy deal with:

• healthcare criminal justice

Answer 10

social policy

Question 11

Does social welfare policy, social policy, or public policy deal with:

range of all the areas of distributive, punitive, commutative justice

Answer 11

social policy

Question 12

Does social welfare policy, social policy, or public policy deal with:

programs in the area of distributive justice

Answer 12

social welfare policy

Question 13

Does social welfare policy, social policy, or public policy deal with:

the areas of activities which reregulate the behaviors of everyone, from economic and industrial policy to fishing policy

Answer 13

public policy

Question 14

Social policy governs the WHAT in which most social workers work

Answer 14

environment

Question 15

Social policy can help with the quality of WHAT and attitudes of WHO

Answer 15

services available AND attitudes of those who rely on these services for their well-being

Question 16

Social policy deals with the problems of WHO

Answer 16

vulnerable people whom social workers help.

SW need to understand the regulations in order to help them, in housing, education, child welfare for example.

Question 17

The study of social policy can increase our WHAT and through this SW can become WHAT two factors (hint - Prop and Advo)

Answer 17

sensitivity to people we serve

can become PROPONENTS for policies that will enhance their well-being and ADVOCATES against policies that negatively impact them.

Question 18

T/F - Understanding how groups gain political power through social policy is not an important task for social workers

Answer 18

False, it is important

Question 19

Is it social policy or public policy that allows us to learn how social inequalities, disempowerment, marginalization, and oppression can seep into political agendas and affect those least able to fight against them

Answer 19

The study of social policy

Question 20

Although problems are identified, social change initiated by social workers may fail because of WHAT?

Answer 20

power distribution, some agencies for which social worker work for are the problem. (This is the issue of political feasibility.)

Question 21

Although problems are identified, social change initiated by social workers may fail because of power distribution, some agencies for which social worker work for are the problem.

This is an issue of WHAT

Answer 21

the issue of political feasibility

Question 22

Why is it important for social workers to understand the policy-making process?

Answer 22

Social workers can learn to advocate for social changes that benefit those in society least able to fend for themselves

Question 23

Social policies are in a constant state of WHAT, but their roots WHAT

Answer 23

CHANGE, but their roots may be traced back to the earliest stages of human evolution

Question 24

Human beings make their own history, but not in the circumstances of their own choosing

What is this called?

Answer 24

path dependence - once you go one way anything you do can be traced back

Question 25

Explain Path Dependence

Answer 25

A new decision is influenced by the old decision.

It explains how the decision in any given circumstance is limited by the decisions made in the past, even though the past circumstances may be no longer relevant.

Question 26

Describe the “cumulative effect of policy”

Answer 26

Once a policy is set up, its effect will be cumulated and will affect any policy-making in the future

Question 27

The following contribute to the changes of social policy:
1. H
2.cul tra
3.eco dev
4.global p and eco env
5.inte gro
6.pol stru
7.pub opin

Answer 27

1.History
2.cultural tradition
3.economic development
4.global political and economic environment
5.the interest groups
6.the political structure
7.the public opinions all.

Question 28

The textbook describes 12 rationales and factors affecting social policy.

Policies are in a constant state of WHAT and take on different WHAT

Answer 28

evolution AND take on different forms during different periods of history

Question 29

The textbook describes 12 rationales and factors affecting social policy.

Social policies are “cultural constructs” what does this mean?

Answer 29

That social policies are influenced by myriad cultures, values, and ideologies in a society.

Question 30

The textbook describes 12 rationales and factors affecting social policy.

Social policies can represent the highest aspects of WHAT.

Answer 30

being human. They reflect a basic concern for other people, a recognition of our interdependence, and an impulse to act upon this recognition.

Question 31

The textbook describes 12 rationales and factors affecting social policy.

Social policies have what type of nature? And what does that mean?

Answer 31

a contradictory nature.

Among recipients, some aspects have been beneficial, while others have not.

As a result, social policies may reflect motivations and/or have consequences that are troubling: the drive to contain social unrest, to maintain social control, or to reproduce social inequalities with respect to gender, ethnicity, race, range of mental or physical ability, sexual orientation, or other areas of diversity.

Question 32

The textbook describes 12 rationales and factors affecting social policy.

Social policies have different WHAT in society - Recipients of a particular policy, for instance, may have an experience disparate from that of the person who is paid to carry out the policy.

Answer 32

impacts on different groups

Question 33

The textbook describes 12 rationales and factors affecting social policy.

Various concepts in the history of policy development will WHAT

Answer 33

remain with us to the present day, such as the distinction between deserving and undeserving poor, or the local responsibility for social welfare

Question 34

The textbook describes 12 rationales and factors affecting social policy.

In contemporary times, social policies have mirrored the growing social and economic complexities of modern life.

What are some of the 4 complexities?

Answer 34

1- increasing mobility of people

2- spread of urbanization

3- impact of industrial capitalist development

4- appreciation of human diversity.

Corresponding also with industrial capitalist development has been the increasingly atomized and stratified nature of society, and the rise of bureaucratic structures, of which social work has been an important part.

Question 35

The textbook describes 12 rationales and factors affecting social policy.

The arrangements of capitalism during the past several decades have eroded the range of social policies and their comprehensiveness. More flexible forms of capital accumulation, labour market organization, and consumption patterns have prevailed. These, in turn, have WHAT?

Answer 35

have compromised the range of social policy choices available to political leaders.

International industrial capitalism and its multinational corporations have been increasingly freed from earlier notions of national responsibility. Environmental policy, workplace conditions, job security, wages, and social policies may well be determined less by national policy and more by the market-driven, lowest-bidder ethos of an increasingly international and competitive industrializing world.

Question 36

The textbook describes 12 rationales and factors affecting social policy.

There is the development of privatization of social services, what does this mean?

Answer 36

It emphasizes the private marketplace over the direct role of government.

The state has increasingly relinquished social service delivery to the private realm, a process often called the privatization of social services

Question 37

The textbook describes 12 rationales and factors affecting social policy.

The economy requires what type of workforce now and describe that

Answer 37

a flexible workforce which is made up of part-time jobs, underemployment, and limited employment in the form of contract jobs of short duration. Social workers, like their clients, will be expected to respond to this new workplace environment, where lifelong learning and vocational flexibility prevail.

Question 38

The textbook describes 12 rationales and factors affecting social policy.

Reflecting the inherently political nature of social policies, the Constitution of Canada is significant in determining which level of government has a particular administrative or financing authority. Beginning of the twentieth century, what happened?

Answer 38

local or municipal governments funded and administered most social services.

Over the century social welfare responsibilities gradually emerged among provincial and federal jurisdictions.

Question 39

The textbook describes 12 rationales and factors affecting social policy.

The conceptualization of social welfare has transformed from a “residual” to an WHAT perspective and then to a WHAT perspective

Answer 39

“institutional” perspective and then finally to a “market- state” perspective

Question 40

The residual model - is based on the promise that there are two ‘natural’ channels through which an individual’s needs are properly met which are?

Answer 40

the private market and the family.

Question 41

In terms of the residual model, social welfare institutions come to play and then only temporarily WHEN?

Answer 41

Only when private market and the family break down

Question 42

T/F - the residual model / approach to social welfare predominated until the mid of 20th century (end WWII, 1940s)

Answer 42

True

Question 43

Describe classical civilizations in terms of social welfare

Answer 43

Sharing and helping is an essential characteristic of some of the earliest form of human organization

Ex. Many ancient cultures, such as Sumer (located in nowadays Iraq) and China, whose rulers had actions to help the old, the poor and those affected by natural disasters, 2400 years ago.

Question 44

T/F - Many of the direct root of Canadian social policy are derived from a European heritage

Answer 44

true

Question 45

Three important non-governmental forms of European institutional charity include what?

Answer 45

• medieval guilds (merchant classes and artisans)
• private foundations (e.g. for hospitals)
• churches.

Question 46

The English Poor Law is the ideology behind the which model / system? AND how was welfare viewed?

Answer 46

residual welfare model. welfare is a safety net, confined to those who are unable to manage otherwise.

Question 47

The residual welfare model is the microeconomic theory from who?

Answer 47

Adam Smith (1723-1790)

Question 48

Adam Smith believed free trade is essential and assumes that if each person pursues his own interest the general welfare of all will be fostered and this is part of which model?

Answer 48

residual welfare model

Question 49

With the residual model - The demand and supply of goods and services are regulated by the market through “WHICH” and how do you describe that?

Answer 49

invisible hand. Limited government intervention, it’s about self-interest.

Where producers to make what is socially necessary, even though they may care only about their own well-being.

Question 50

T/F - Adam Smith supports governmental control?

Answer 50

No, he objects to governmental control, although he acknowledges that some restrictions are required

Question 51

T/F - The institutional approach (Welfare State) -
The Beveridge Report of 1942 (In UK) proposed a system of National Insurance, based on three assumptions:
–family allowances (every family received money)
-limited health service
–part time employment

which aspect is wrong?

Answer 51

true, but this is correct
- a national health service
- full employment

Question 52

The institutional approach (Welfare State)-

The 1943 Report on Social Security for Canada (Marsh Report) echoed the Beveridge Report SO what was the change?

Answer 52

It contributed to comprehensive universal welfare (everyone is included)

Question 53

Is it the residual approach or institutional approach that saw the welfare services as normal, ‘first line’ functions of modern industrial society

Answer 53

institutional approach (welfare state)

Question 54

T/F - The Canada Assistance Plan includes Unemployment Insurance (UI), Family Allowance (FA), Old Age Security (OAS), A universal system of health insurance first appeared in Saskatchewan

Answer 54

True

Question 55

T/F - Family Allowance (FA), introduced in 1944, was a universal program. Regardless of family income, all Canadian mothers of children under 16 would receive a monthly allowance

Answer 55

true

Question 56

T/F - Old Age Security (OAS) 1951 -All seniors over the age of 70 would receive a pension, regardless their level of income.

Answer 56

true

Question 57

T/F - Under the Institutional approach (welfare state), every province operated its health care system since 1960s.

Answer 57

true

Question 58

A process of dismantling the welfare states began in the early 1990s in favor of WHAT

Answer 58

a market-state, neo-liberal regime

Question 59

The soaring public / government debt was a driving force for which approach to emerge?

Answer 59

Neo-liberal Regime (the Market-State Approach)

Question 60

The Neo-liberal Regime (the Market-State Approach) produced changes that include:

The Canadian Assistance Plan (CAP) was transformed to the Canada Health and Social Transfer (CHST) that introduced block grants to the provinces, what does that mean for provinces?

Answer 60

the government said the province is responsible to spend that money how they want to. This causes complications between provinces, so provinces with limited social welfare are in worse shape.

*National welfare standards were abolished.

Question 61

The Neo-liberal Regime (the Market-State Approach) produced changes that include:

Universal programs aimed at supporting the family (FA) and the elderly (OAS) were altered to WHAT type of programs.

Answer 61

income-tested programs

Question 62

The Neo-liberal Regime (the Market-State Approach) produced changes that include:

Universal social assistance programs were modified to WHAT conditional programs with elements of workfare.

Answer 62

mean-tested

Mean-testing –is a process whereby an individual’s access to products or services is dependent on that person’s financial ability to pay falling within preset criteria. If those criteria are exceeded, the person is found to be ineligible for government help.