Week 2 - individual differences

Question 1

In addition to values, personality, perceptions, emotions, and stress, the mars model describes behaviour as a product of various factors - what are they?

Answer 1

Motivation - internal forces direct

Abillity - natural / learned capabilities

Role Perception - understand duties

Situational Factors - conditions that impact

Question 2

Summarize the 5 types of individual behavour in orgs

Answer 2

TASK PERFORMANCE - goal behaviours

ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP - supporting cooperation & helpfulness

COUNTERPRODUCTIVE WORK BEHAVIORS - voluntary behaviors that harm

JOINING AND STAYING WITH THE ORGANIZATION

MAINTAINING WORK ATTENDANCE

Question 3

Personality is the enduring pattern of thoughts/feeling/actions that characterise individuals.

Describe the big 5 personality dimensions (canoe)

Answer 3

"Conscientiousness 
Agreeableness 
Neuroticism 
Openness to experience 
Extraversion

Question 4

Myer Briggs Typer Indicator is Based on Jungian psychology and measures preferences along four personality perspectives to identify a ‘type’. What aspects are measured?
(EPDO)

Answer 4

ENERGY - extravert vs introvert
PERCEIVING - sense vs intuit
DECISIONS - thinking vs feeling
ORIENTATION - judgeing vs percieving

Question 5

What is the Myer Briggs type indicator good / bad at?

Answer 5

• MBTI improves self-awareness

* MBTI poorly predicts job performance

Question 6

Values are stable, evaluative beliefs that guide

Define values and Schwartz’ model of individual values (4 quadrants model).

(OTSC)

Answer 6

Schwartz Model:

Openness to change. Pursue innovation

Transcendence. Welfare of others

Self-enhancement. Self interest

Conservation. Status quo

Question 7

Ethics is the study of moral principles that determine right from wrong.

Describe 3 principles of ethics.

Answer 7

• Utilitarianism - greatest good for the greatest number of people.
• Individual rights - certain intrinsic rights.
• Distributive justice: rights and obligations in proportion to effort

Question 8

What 4 Factors influence ethical behavour

MESM

Answer 8

• Moral intensity: the degree ethics are required
• Ethical sensitivity: importance of ethical issue
• situational factors
• mindlessness

Question 9

People think and act differently across cultures, and these differences are due to unique norms of behaviour & emphases on different values.

Name 5 values studied across cultures:

(ICPUA)

Answer 9

1. Individualism: degree uniqueness valued
2. Collectivism: degree of allegiance to group
3. Power distance: degree unequal power accepted
4. Uncertainty avoidance: degree ambiguity tolerated
5. Achievement–degree of competitive vs cooperative