Week 2 Human Behavior

Question 1

Describe the basic concepts of Freud’s psychoanalytic theory

Sahler & Carr: Chapter 10, Selected Theories of Development

Answer 1

Stages in his theory reflect the developmental sequence of body area invested with libidinal energy (sexual or life force), or impaired resolution of certain psychological conflicts that arise at the oral, anal, and phallic stages, is presumed to result in specific adult behavior.

Question 2

Define the id, ego, and superego

Sahler & Carr: Chapter 10, Selected Theories of Development

Answer 2

ID = Impulses bases on biological needs such as food, sleep, and procreation
EGO = intermediary
SUPEREGO = conscience of morals and correctness

Question 3

Summarize Freud’s five stages of Psychosexual Development and identify how libidinal energy is expressed in each stage

Sahler & Carr: Chapter 10, Selected Theories of Development

Answer 3

ORAL STAGE (Birth - 1yr)
Libidinal energy in mouth, lips, and tongue.
Fixation manifested by excessive smoking, eating, and craving for social contact.

ANAL STAGE (1yr - 3yr)
Libidinal energy in anal sphincter.
Toilet training – urges inhibited or delayed.
Fixation results in orderliness or retentive behavior.

PHALLIC STAGE (3yr - 6yr)
Notice female-male differences, masturbation
Develop longing for opposite gender (oedipal conflict)
Fixation results in difficulties in sexual relationship

LATENCY STAGE (6yr - puberty)
Sexual striving are largely suppressed
Domination of superego

GENTIAL STAGE (puberty - adult)
Libidinal energy in sex organs
Reproduction as a goal

Question 4

Summarize Erikson’s eight ages of psychosocial development; list age ranges associated with each stage; and identify the developmental task central to each stage

Sahler & Carr: Chapter 10, Selected Theories of Development

Answer 4

TRUST - MISTRUCT (Birth - 1yr)
Oral Stage
TASK: Trust the caregiver.
FAIL: Problems in relationships

AUTONOMY - DOUBT/SHAME (1yr - 3yr)
Anal Stage
TASK: Independent in basic living
FAIL: Self doubt

INITIATIVE - GUILT (3yr - 6yr)
Phallic Stage
TASK: Conflicts, setting limits and letting go
FAIL: Guilt

INDUSTRY - INFERIORITY (6yr - 12yr)
Latency Stage
TASK: Meet school demands
FAIL: Inferiority

IDENTITY - ROLE CONFUSION (12yr - 20yr)
TASK: Role models outside of family
FAIL: Sense of purposelessness

INTIMACY - ISOLATION (20yr - 40yr)
TASK: Love and companionship
FAIL: LONELINESS

GENERATIVITY - STAGNATION (40yr - 65yr)
TASK: She with community
FAIL: Boredom

EGO INTEGRITY - DESPAIR (65yr - Death)
TASK: Acceptance of successes and failures
FAIL: Hopelessness