Week 2: Guerrero article interpersonal func of nonverbal coms

Question 1

What are the 4 primary functions of non-verbal communication (4)

Answer 1

1. Forming impressions
2. Developing and maintaining relationships
3. Sending messages related to dominance
4. Expressing emotion

Question 2

What are the 2 different perspective within analyzing non-verbal comms?

Answer 2

1 = message perspective; non-verbal comms are all comms different from words and are intentional
2 = complementary perspective; non-verbal comms are all behaviors intentionally being sent or seen as meaningful by the receiver

Question 3

what are thin slice impressions

Answer 3

judgements of a person based on a short sample

Question 4

What are static cues in impression formation?

Answer 4

physical attributes of an individual (height, width, attractiveness and so forth)

Question 5

What are dynamic cues in impression formation?

Answer 5

attributes of an individual that are subject to change during an interaction (tone of voice, facial expressions)hat is th

Question 6

What is the “what beautiful is good” hypothesis? (also know as beauty bias)

Answer 6

People looking good must have positive characteristics such as social attributes and cognitive attributes

Question 7

Between cognitive and social attributes, which one does the beauty bias or what is beautiful is good hypothesis influence more?

Answer 7

Social attributes over cognitive attributes

Question 8

What does the ‘matching hypothesis’ entail?

Answer 8

Individuals date other individuals that have about the same level of attractiveness out of fear of rejection

Question 9

What does the ‘what sounds beautiful is good’ hypothesis entail? (2)

Answer 9

1. individuals with an attractive voice are better judged on characteristics such as friendliness and reliability.
2. People feel more equal when interacting with individuals that have an attractive voice

Question 10

What does the interaction appearance theory entail?

Answer 10

Interaction modifies the initial impressions people formed based on attractiveness and thus alters the attraction rating

Question 11

What are the 4 principles of interaction appearance theory describing how that works? (4)

Answer 11

1. People believe ideal partner is physical attractive and a good communicator
2. People communicate with everyone, also those not attractive
3. If someone is an excellent communicator but is not attractive, individuals are challenged in their initial beliefs having an inconsistency
4. Thus they change their rating of attractiveness to solve the inconsistency

Question 12

Within interaction appearance theory, which effect is larger ?negative interaction or positive interaction

Answer 12

negative interaction has a stronger effect on physical appearance ratings

Question 13

what are positive involvement behaviors?

Answer 13

nonverbal cues that communicate liking and involvement

Question 14

What is nonverbal escalation and why is this a paradox? (2)

Answer 14

1. nonverbal immediacy cues increase as a romantic relationship escalates towards commitment and sex
2. However if decreases and levels off after the relationship is fully committed?

Question 15

What is social penetration theory?

Answer 15

Relations get closer as there is more breath, frequency and depth of self-disclosure?

Question 16

What is uncertainty reduction theory?

Answer 16

people have an innate need to reduce uncertainty and thus have a need to explain and predict behavior of others

Question 17

What are immediacy behaviors?

Answer 17

non-verbal cues hinting aimed at intimacy and liking

Question 18

What is the difference between flirtatious behavior and positive involvement behavior?

Answer 18

1. Flirtatious = more specific behaviors and follows a pattern of synchronization

Question 19

what are the 3 components of dominance nonverbal communication?

Answer 19

1. Poise and self-assurance
2. Panache or dynamism
3. Skill in interaction management

Question 20

What is a positive outcome of non-verbal dominant communication

Answer 20

1. appearing dominant can lead to attraction, however only when also seen as attractive and competent

Question 21

What are some negative outcomes of non-verbal dominant communication? (2)

Answer 21

1. negative outcomes on relationships
2. Chilling effect and intimate terrorism

Question 22

What is the ‘chilling’ effect?

Answer 22

When a person with low power in a relationship is quite and does not complain out of fear for negative consequences or because they think their efforts of speaking up will not be successful

Question 23

What is intimate terrorism?

Answer 23

Using threats and violence to control your partner but also be really nice to compensate for bad behavior

Question 24

What is relative power?

Answer 24

The power people have over someone else in the relationshipWh

Question 25

What is dyadic power theory

Answer 25

people with more power in a relationship do not need to display dominant behavior because they already have control

Question 26

How does the relationship between relative power and non-verbal dominance communication look like?

Answer 26

reversed u-shaped curvilinear relationship

Question 27

There has been a lot of research about dyadic power theory. Some effects are busted or seen as not true, what are they?

Answer 27

1. chilling effect; because people who consider themselves as the one with less relative power do display more nonverbal dominance, most likely to regain power

Question 28

Emotional expressions are influenced by what 2 factors?

Answer 28

1. Action tendencies
2. Display rules

Question 29

What are action tendencies in emotion expression?

Answer 29

born, biological impulses that are emotion specific and have evolved to be adaptive in certain situations

Question 30

What are display rules in emotion expression?

Answer 30

Cultural guidelines for how and what individuals can show of their emotions when in a social setting

Question 31

With what behaviors is smiling associated? (2)

Answer 31

1. cooperation
2. Pro-social behavior

Question 32

Which is more negative for relationships? anger or contempt?

Answer 32

contempt; because it is associated with rejection and social exclusion

Question 33

What is the facial feedback hypothesis?

Answer 33

moving facial muscles sends a signal to the brain, which then cause people to experience emotions consistent with the expressions formed by the facial muscles

Question 34

What is the interpersonal facial feedback hypothesis?

Answer 34

A receiver mimicking the expressions of the sender cause the receiver to feel the same affect as the sender

Question 35

What is motor-mimicry?

Answer 35

Receiver matches the non-verbal behavior of the sender and thus feels about the same as the sender

Question 36

What is the emotional contagion effect?

Answer 36

people pick-up on emotions they feel around them because they mimic the non-verbal cues which in turn trigger fysiological changes