Week 2 GI issues Assessment Flashcards
what is Hematochezia ?
frank bleeding from the rectum
what med is given to help prevent stress ulcers?
PPI - omeprazole
what are 4 complications of N & V?
- aspiration
- Mallory- weiss tear
- fluid/electrolyte imbalance
- acid-base imbalance
in hypovolemic shock what will we see with BP and HR?
BP tanks
HR skyrockets
what do we want to assess when someone is bleeding?
vitals - BP & HR
blood work - Hbg, PTT/INR
what med do we use to reduce rectal spasm?
Loperamide - Imodium
What is a special adverse side effect of Loperamide- Imodium?
Toxic megacolon
What med is given when there is an ulcer from NSAID use?
misoprosotol - b/c it is synthetic prostaglandin - increase mucous production
what 2 meds help increase mucosal defence?
sucralfate
misoprosotol
which GI issue has rebound tenderness?
appendicitis
where is the pain in UC?
Right lower quadrent
What Gi disease results in toxic megacolon?
UC
Crohns
which GI disease has more nutritional issues?
Crohn’s
which GI disease can go mouth to anus?
Crohn’s
which GI med can cause renal impairment?
cyclosporine - for long term last resort care of UC + crohn’s, and transplant peeps
it’s an immunosuppressant
which two meds if mixed with other immunosuppressants or immunomodulators can raise the risk of Lymphoma?
infliximab
cyclosporine
When assessing a patient on Cyclosporine to treat IBD, what do we want to watch the most for?
urinary output
oliguria
serum creatinine
What are the common GI diagnostic tests and what do they check?
- abdominal xray - *fluid and mass
- barium swallow (upper GI)- esoph, stomach and start of duodenum- *see structures better
- barium swallow (small bowel) - pics q30 min
- barium enema (lower GI) - must be cleaned out
- abdominal ultrasound - mass, tumour, liver, gall stones
- Abdominal CT - tissue density - bilialry tract, liver, pancreas disorders
- Abdominal MRI - hepatobiliary disease, hepatic lesion, GI bleeding sources and *colorectal cancer
What does a patient need to be with all barium swallow/enema tests?
NPO
How many hours NPO before abdominal CT?
4 hours NPO
