Week 2 GI issues Assessment

Question 1

what is Hematochezia ?

Answer 1

frank bleeding from the rectum

Question 2

what med is given to help prevent stress ulcers?

Answer 2

PPI - omeprazole

Question 3

what are 4 complications of N & V?

Answer 3

1. aspiration
2. Mallory- weiss tear
3. fluid/electrolyte imbalance
4. acid-base imbalance

Question 4

in hypovolemic shock what will we see with BP and HR?

Answer 4

BP tanks
HR skyrockets

Question 5

what do we want to assess when someone is bleeding?

Answer 5

vitals - BP & HR
blood work - Hbg, PTT/INR

Question 6

what med do we use to reduce rectal spasm?

Answer 6

Loperamide - Imodium

Question 7

What is a special adverse side effect of Loperamide- Imodium?

Answer 7

Toxic megacolon

Question 8

What med is given when there is an ulcer from NSAID use?

Answer 8

misoprosotol - b/c it is synthetic prostaglandin - increase mucous production

Question 9

what 2 meds help increase mucosal defence?

Answer 9

sucralfate
misoprosotol

Question 10

which GI issue has rebound tenderness?

Answer 10

appendicitis

Question 11

where is the pain in UC?

Answer 11

Right lower quadrent

Question 12

What Gi disease results in toxic megacolon?

Answer 12

UC
Crohns

Question 13

which GI disease has more nutritional issues?

Answer 13

Crohn’s

Question 14

which GI disease can go mouth to anus?

Answer 14

Crohn’s

Question 15

which GI med can cause renal impairment?

Answer 15

cyclosporine - for long term last resort care of UC + crohn’s, and transplant peeps
it’s an immunosuppressant

Question 16

which two meds if mixed with other immunosuppressants or immunomodulators can raise the risk of Lymphoma?

Answer 16

infliximab
cyclosporine

Question 17

When assessing a patient on Cyclosporine to treat IBD, what do we want to watch the most for?

Answer 17

urinary output
oliguria
serum creatinine

Question 18

What are the common GI diagnostic tests and what do they check?

Answer 18

1. abdominal xray - *fluid and mass
2. barium swallow (upper GI)- esoph, stomach and start of duodenum- *see structures better
3. barium swallow (small bowel) - pics q30 min
4. barium enema (lower GI) - must be cleaned out
5. abdominal ultrasound - mass, tumour, liver, gall stones
6. Abdominal CT - tissue density - bilialry tract, liver, pancreas disorders
7. Abdominal MRI - hepatobiliary disease, hepatic lesion, GI bleeding sources and *colorectal cancer

Question 19

What does a patient need to be with all barium swallow/enema tests?

Answer 19

NPO

Question 20

How many hours NPO before abdominal CT?

Answer 20

4 hours NPO