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2514 Patho/phys/assess > Week 2 GI issues > Flashcards

Week 2 GI issues Flashcards

1
Q

What is GERD

A

reflux/ heart burn (pyrosis)

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2
Q

What are the 5 reasons people get GERD

A
  1. weak LES
  2. hiated hernia
  3. esophagus not pushing food down
  4. pressure - preggers or obese
  5. virus/nervous system disease= delayed gastric emptying
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3
Q

What are the 4 complications of GERD

A
  1. ucleration/bleeding
  2. espohageal stricture
  3. barrett’s esophagus
  4. esophageal cancer
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4
Q

Does Diarrhea cause hypokalemia or hyperkalemia and why?

A

Diarrhea causes hypokalemia because Na+ will be held in so K+ drops

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5
Q

What is PUD?

A

mucosal layer erosion in the stomach

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6
Q

What are the 5 gastric agressors?

A
  1. H. Pylori
  2. NSAIDS
  3. Acid
  4. pepsin
  5. smoking
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7
Q

What are the 5 gastric defenses?

A
  1. Bicarb
  2. mucus
  3. prostoglandins
  4. blood flow
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8
Q

What are 3 complications of PUD?

A
  1. hemorrhage
  2. perforation = peritonitis
  3. Gastric outlet obstruction
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9
Q

What is the diff between gastric and duodenal PUD?

A

gastric = 1-2 hours
duodenal = 2-4 hours

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10
Q

What is appendicitis?

A
  1. blockage = cell death
  2. seeping = peritonitis (localized)
    = peritonitis (generalized)
  3. belly button pain
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11
Q

What disease do we see pain at mcBurey’s point?

A

appendicitis

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12
Q

Where is the appendix?

A

lower Right Quadrent

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13
Q

what are the Irritable bowel diseases?

A
  1. Crohn’s
  2. Ulcerative colitis
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14
Q

how do we know someone has crohn’s?

A
  1. weight loss
  2. nutrition issues
  3. fistulas
  4. strictures
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15
Q

How do we remember what crohn’s is?

A

Mr. Crohn travels down cobblestone streets

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16
Q

What gastric diseases are auto immune?

A
  1. Crohn’s
  2. Ulcerative colitis
17
Q

What gastric diseases are bacterial, viral or chemical?

A

all other IBD and IBS, not crohn’s and colitis

18
Q

What cause gastritis?

A

stress
surgery
crohn’s
alcohol
NSAIDS
h. pylori

19
Q

Where is crohn’s most commonly found?

A

ilium - but can be anywhere

20
Q

Where is ulcerative colitis usually found?

A

rectum
- mucosa
- submucosa

21
Q

What is the usual cause of crohn’s?

A

genetic

22
Q

what can cause gastro enteritis?

A

food poisining
E. coli
Cdiff
flu/virus

22
Q

Which disease is rectal bleeding more common in, UC or crohn’s?

A

UC

22
Q

What are the 3 signs of UC?

A
  1. rectal bleeding
  2. tenesmus spasms
  3. toxic megacolon
23
Q

What are 5 reasons for constipation?

A
  1. Diet
  2. Meds
  3. metabolic + muscular DO
  4. structural + functional abnormality
  5. psychological reasons
24
Q

What are 5 mechanical intestinal obstruction causes?

A
  1. adhesions
  2. tumor
  3. inguinal hernia
  4. volvulus - twisted intestine
  5. intussusception
25
Q

What is an example of a non-mechanical/functional intestinal obstruction cause?

A

neurological

26
Q

what is Borborygmi?

A

loud bowel sounds due to obstruction

27
Q

What kind of poop will someone have with colorectal cancer?

A

ribbon like

28
Q

What is the 2nd most common cause of cancer death in Canada?

A

colorectal

29
Q

What is the most common malabsorption syndrome?

A

lactose intolerance

30
Q

what are the 5 causes of malabsorption syndrome?

A
  1. enzyme problems - like lactase
  2. bacteria proliferation
  3. crohn’s
  4. lymphatic and vascular problems
  5. surface area loss through colectomy
31
Q

What are the 4 most common malabsorption syndromes?

A
  1. lactase deficiency
  2. IBD
  3. celia
  4. cystic fibrosis lactase deficiency

2514 Patho/phys/assess (27 decks)

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