Week 2 Diuretic medications

Question 1

What are the three major classes of diuretics for BP control?

Answer 1

• Thiazide
• Loop
• Potassium sparing

Question 2

What suffix do Loop Diuretics end in?

Answer 2

-mide/-nide

Question 3

What diuretics are the most potent?

Answer 3

Loop

Question 4

What diuretics are the mildest?

Answer 4

Potassium Sparing

Question 5

What diuretics have a moderate potency?

Answer 5

Thiazide

Question 6

What are two common Loop diuretics?

Answer 6

Furosemide

Bumetanide

Question 7

What is the MOA of Loop diuretics?

Answer 7

Prevent sodium resorption in the loop of Henle.

-Causes rapid diuresis with resultant K+ loss and a smaller loss of Na+ and Mg+

Question 8

What suffix do thiazide diuretics end in?

Answer 8

-thiazide

Question 9

What is the most common thiazide diuretic?

Answer 9

Hydrochlorothiazide

Question 10

What is the MOA of thiazide diuretics?

Answer 10

Increases the excretion of sodium and water by inhibiting sodium resorption in the distal tubule.

Question 11

What is the most common type of diuretic for the maintenance of BP?

Answer 11

Thiazide

Question 12

What needs to be monitored when taking thiazide diuretics?

Answer 12

Potassium levels, Chloride, Magnesium, Calcium, Blood glucose, and lipids

Question 13

What is a common potassium-sparing diuretic?

Answer 13

Spironolactone

Aldactone

Question 14

Potassium-sparing diuretics and in ___ or contain ___

Answer 14

-actone/ triameterne

Question 15

What is the MOA of potassium-sparing diuretics?

Answer 15

acts as competitive antagonists that either compete with aldosterone for intracellular cytoplasmic receptor sites or directly block sodium channels

Question 16

What needs to be monitored for Loop diuretics?

Answer 16

Electrolytes, thiamine, BUN (may increase), Cr

Question 17

What needs to be monitored with potassium-sparing diuretics?

Answer 17

Monitor for low potassium

Question 18

What are the major indications for diuretics?

Answer 18

HTN, HF, renal insufficiency/acute renal failure

Question 19

What are the common side effects of diuretics?

Answer 19

• Dehydration, Orthostatic hypotension, hyponatremia, hypomagnesemia (loop and thiazide),
• Hyperkalemia in potassium-sparing

Question 20

What are the major nursing considerations for Diuretics?

Answer 20

• Change position slowly
• Check BP prior to administration
• Monitor Sodium and Potassium
• Monitor GFR and Creatinine

Question 21

What drug interacts with Aldactone that may cause hyperkalemia?

Answer 21

ACE inhibitors

Question 22

What food should be avoided when taking Aldactone?

Answer 22

Potassium based salt substitute