Week 2 ACE inhibitors

Question 1

All ACE inhibitors end in ___

Answer 1

pril

Question 2

What are the three major ACE inhibitors?

Answer 2

Captopril
Enalapril
Lisinopril

Question 3

What is the MOA of ACE inhibitors?

Answer 3

Reduces the conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme in the lungs.

Question 4

What are the effects of angiotensin II?

Answer 4

• Vasoconstriction
• Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system (increases workload on heart)
• Water retention due to increased aldosterone (increases preload)

Question 5

Why are ACE inhibitors the go-to medication for HF?

Answer 5

Each of the effects of angiotensin II worsens the underlying HF and need to be counteracted.

Question 6

What is the main effect of ACE inhibitors?

Answer 6

• Decreased SBP via vasodilation (Decreased workload)

- Decreased sodium and water retention (decreased preload)

Question 7

What are the three main side effects of ACE inhibitors?

Answer 7

Hypotension, dry cough, dizziness

Question 8

What is the major life-threatening side effect of ACE inhibitors?

Answer 8

Angioedema- laryngeal swelling.

Facial swelling is a precursor to this and is clinically significant.

Question 9

What are the main nursing considerations for ACE inhibitors?

Answer 9

• Obtain BP prior to admin. Hold if less than 90 SBP
• Change position slowly to avoid orthostatic changes
• Monitor for decreased WBC, hyperkalemia, liver function, and creatinine clearance

Question 10

Where are ace inhibitors metabolized?

Answer 10

IN the liver

Question 11

Where are ace inhibitors excreted?

Answer 11

Kidneys