Week 2 Flashcards
What are the two joint classifications
Diarthroses and Synarthroses
What type of joints are diarthroses?
synovial
What type of joints are synarthroses?
Synotoses - bone connected to bone - sutures
synchondroses - contains hyaline and or fibrocartilage - attachment of ribs to sternum
Syndesmoses - connected by fibrous connective tissue - distal tibiofibular joint
Name 8 structures always present in a synovial joint
fibrous joint capsule articular cartilage synovial membrane articular cavity synovial fluid ligaments blood vessels sensory nerves
Additional structures in synovial joint
intra-articular discs or miniscis bursa fat pads peripheral labrum synovial plicae
What is synovial fluid?
Hyalauronic acid and proteins that reduce friction and aid joint lubrication
Define DOF
number of independent directions of movement allowed at a joint
Define arthrokinematics
Motion that occurs between the articular surfaces of the joint
What are the 3 fundamental movements of a joint?
Roll
Slide
Spin
Define rolling of a joint
multiple points along rotating articular surface contact with multiple points on other articular surfaces
Define sliding of a joint
single point on one articular surface contacts multiple points on other articular surface
Define spinning of a joint
single point on one articular surface rotates on a single point on other articular surface
Type and quantity of movement at joint determined by
joint structure
external forces applied to a joint e.g. bodyweight, gravity
interaction between joint + adjacent joint + external forces
How is joint structure described
by articular surface +ligamentous structures
The amount and type of motion of a joint is dictated largely by
shape of articular surfaces
radius of curvature
