Week 2 Flashcards
Beating
Change quickly between out of phase in phase and interference
Interference
Can be constructive or destructive
Psychophysical relationships
What’s out there and what we hear,
1. Frequency and pitch, need an animal to have pitch (subjective experience) piano up to 4000hz
-Chroma, color sound of note
2. Complexity ———- timbre or tone quality
Fundamental, overtones, harmonic, partial, multiple of fundamental exact.
3. Amplitude and loudness,
dB 0is threshold of hearing,
Musical range 100db cd 96, 120 is threshold of pain.
1/8 under 20 earphone ear damage
4. Speed and tempo
Auditory transduction
Change in type of energy! Air pressure to mechanical to fluidic to electric
Outer middle inner.
Hearing loss: one of two ways
Middle ear bones, damaged. Tendons too.
Inner ear, more devasating ish
Pinnar, localize sound, ear canal, xtermal auditory meatus, hair and ear wax in it for protection. Acts as resonator. Temp and humidity of ear drum, very sensitive
Middle ear, air and 3 ossicles, acoustic reflex, deadens sound, using tendons,
Ear drum 20x larger than stirrup.
Inner ear, (peri lymph fluid, helicopter a, scala vestibule, scala timpani) basilar membrane, to topic, organ of corti, has hair cells.
Afferate vs efferent
Ear to brain, afferent
brain to ear, (attention efferent
all)
Bilaterality of brain also part of
Hearing, mostly
Place theory
Pitch determined by the place basilar membrane maximally displaced from resting position.
Sine tones 60-4000hz
Whole thing vibrates for low pitches.
Wow we don’t know what happens beyond 4000hz. Did not know this, now do. Cool.
Neural inhibition
Area basilar membrane displaced Areas around it suppressed.
So we have sensation of one pitch.
Complexity and tone quality
Psychophysical dimension.
Multidimensional , not 3d but more. Oops.
Terms: fundamental, harmonic partial,overtone. (Exact integers above)
Timbre can be defined
As
Differences in instruments or difference within instrument.
Audio equalizer a,
Ohms law
You can attend to upper harmonics, oompa mento of a tone.
Normally not away of it unless primed.
Dormant sounds like a thing but is actually a
Region, of amplified frequencies. That resonates.
Multiple of the fundamental that appears in the frequency area of the dormant.
Chorus effect
Tone quality in 1 vs 10 of the same instrument playing.
Beats, lusher sound, overtones cause beats, lusher fuller sound.
Subjective tones
, missing fundamental, issue of timbre, more harmonics stronger impression of pitch.
Also called fundamental tracking.
Firs/second order beating
Mel’s pitch measurement scale.
Oat
Ch4 from rbs cohost. Cool to know
