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DEN1DSB > WEEK 2 > Flashcards

WEEK 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Structure passing through (traversing) the OLFACTORY FORAMEN

A

Olfactory nerves (CN1)

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2
Q

Structure passing through (traversing) the OPTIC CANAL

A

Optic nerve (CN2)

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3
Q

Structure passing through (traversing) the SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE

A

Ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve
Aducens
Trochlear
Occulomoutor

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4
Q

Structure passing through (traversing) the PTERYGOMAXILLARY FISSURE

A

Terminal part of maxillary artery

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5
Q

Structure passing through (traversing) the INFERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE

A

Zygomatic branch of V2

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6
Q

Structure passing through (traversing) the FORAMEN ROTUNDUM

A

Maxillary division of trigeminal nerve

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7
Q

Structure passing through (traversing) the FORAMEN OVALE

A

Mandibular division of the trigeminal

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8
Q

Structure passing through (traversing) the FORAMEN SPINOSUM

A

Middle meningeal artery

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9
Q

Structure passing through (traversing) the JUGULAR FORAMEN

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve
Accessory nerve
Vagus nerve

Internal jugular vein

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10
Q

Structure passing through (traversing) the FORAMEN MAGNUM

A

Spinal cord
Vertebral arteries

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11
Q

Structure passing through (traversing) the HYPOGLOSSAL CANAL

A

Hypoglossal nerve

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12
Q

Structure passing through (traversing) the STYLOMASTOID FORAMEN

A

Facial nerve

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13
Q

Structure passing through (traversing) the CAROTID CANAL

A

Internal carotid artery

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14
Q

Oculi

A

Eye

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15
Q

Oris

A

Mouth

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16
Q

Anguli

A

Angle (of the mouth)

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17
Q

Labii

A

Lip

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18
Q

Labii superiorus

A

Upper lip

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19
Q

Labii inferiorus

A

Lower lip

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20
Q

Levator

A

Elevates

21
Q

Depressor

A

Depresses

22
Q

Orbiclaris

A

Circular —> acts as a sphincter

23
Q

4 orientation of fibres

A
  1. Circular
  2. Oblique
  3. Transverse
  4. Vertical
24
Q

All muscles of facial expression are innervated by the ____ nerve

A

Facial nerve

25
Q

A muscle innervated by the temporal branch of the facial nerve would be _____

A

Frontalis

26
Q

Muscles innervated by the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve would be ___

A

Orbicularis oculi
Zygomaticus major
Zygomaticus minor

27
Q

Muscles innervated by the buccaneers branches of the facial nerve would be ____

A

Buccinator
Levator anguli oris
Orrbiclaris oris

28
Q

Muscles inverted by the the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve would be ____

A

Orbicularis oris
Depressor labii inferior
Depressor anguli oris

29
Q

The only muscle innervated by the cerviacl branch of the facial nerve is ____

A

Platysma

30
Q

What leads to changes in facial expression

A

Muscles of facial expression are inserted into the skin causing localised movements of the overlaying skin

31
Q

Characteristics of muscular tissue

A
  1. Highly cellular
    - many muscle cells will come together to form one large functional unit
  2. Vascularised
    - has a very rich blood supply
  3. Contractile
    - can contract to cause movement
32
Q

Identifying features of smooth muscle + example

A
  • spindle shaped
  • no striations
  • nuclei in the middle
  • one colour
  • No gaps due to overlaying fibres
  • eg. Blood vessels / oesophagus
33
Q

Identifying features of skeletal muscle + example

A
  • flattened nucleus towards periphery of the cell (seen along the cell membrane)
  • striations
  • eg. Bicep / quadriceps
34
Q

Identifying features of cardiac muscle + example

A
  • striated
  • round nucleus
  • Intercalated discs
  • eg. Heart/ terminal part of pulmonary vein
35
Q

Identifying features of cardiac muscle

A
  • striated
  • round nucleus
  • Intercalated discs
36
Q

What are intercalated discs

A

Specialised gap junctions at the point of branching

37
Q

Function of intercalated discs

A

Provide points of anchorage for myofibrils and help with the rapid spread of stimuli form one cell to another

38
Q

action + innervation of orbicularis oris

A

action –> acts as a sphincter for oral orifices closing mouth and lips

innervation –> buccal and marginal mandibular branches

39
Q

action + innervation of orbicularis oculi

A

action –> acts as a sphincter for the eyes, closing the eyelid

innervation –> temporal and zygomatic branch

39
Q

levator labii superioris

  • insertion
  • action
  • innervation
A

insertion –> upper lip

action –> elevates upper lip

innervation –> zygomatic and buccal branch

39
Q

depressor labii inferioris

  • insertion
  • action
  • innervation
A

insertion –> lower lip

action –> depresses lower lip

innervation –> marginal mandibular branch

40
Q

zygomaticus major

  • origin
  • insertion
  • action
  • innervation
A

origin –> zygomatic bone

insertion –> angle of the mouth

action –> elevates angle of the mouth

innervation –> buccal + zygomatic branch

41
Q

zygomaticus minor

  • origin
  • insertion
  • action
  • innervation
A

origin –> zygomatic bone

insertion –> upper lip

action –> elevates upper lip

innervation –> buccal + zygomatic branch

42
Q

levator anguli oris

  • insertion
  • action
  • innervation
A

insertion –> obicularis oris + angle of the mouth

action –> elevates angle of the mouth

innervation –> buccal + zygomatic branch

43
Q

depressor anguli oris

  • insertion
  • action
  • innervation
A

insertion –> obicularis oris

action –> depresses angle of the
mouth

innervation –> marginal mandibular branch

44
Q

buccinator

  • origin
  • insertion
  • action
  • innervation
A

origin –> ptergoid mandibular raphae

insertion –> orbicularis oris + upper and lower lip

action –> compresses the cheeks, preventing food from accumulating in the vestibule of the mouth

innervation –> buccal branch

45
Q

action + innervation of occipitofrontalis

A

Action
- occipitalis –> tightens the scalp
- frontalis –> wrinkles the forehead and raises the eyebrows

Innervation
- occipitalis –> posterior auricular nerve
- frontalis –> temporal branch

46
Q

platysma

  • origin
  • insertion
  • action
  • innervation
A

origin –> Pectoral fascia/Fascia over pectoralis major/Fascia over deltoid

insertion –> Inferior border of mandible/ skin of lower face/ merges with orbicularis oris through the risorius

action –> Tenses skin of the anterolateral neck

innervation–> cervical branch

DEN1DSB (15 decks)

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