WEEK 11 Flashcards
What is the function of the root of the tongue
anchors tongue to floor of oral cavity proper, mandible, and hyoid bone
the body is more _______ than the root
mobile
Describe the apex of tongue
most anterior and in contact with that incisor teeth
What are the dorsal surfaces of the tongue
Lingual Tonsil, sulcus terminalis, epiglottis, circumvallate papillae, fungiform papillae, filliform papillae
why is the posterior aspect of the tongue rough?
the lingual tonsil
the oropharynx is the _________ _______ of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
anterior wall
What are the parts of the ventral surface of the tongue
deep lingual vein, lingual frenulum, sublingual caruncle
what does the sublingual caruncle do
recieve opening of submandibular duct
What is the condition when a person has a short lingual frenulum
tongue tie
What are intrinsic muscles
they have both their attachments within the region
what are extrinsic muscles?
one attachment inside the region and a second attachment outside
What are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
superior longitudinal, inferior longitudinal, transverse, vertical
what are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
Styloglossus
Palatoglossus
what is the origin of the genioglossus muscle?
Superior genial tubercles
what is the insertion of the genioglossus muscle?
fibres insert along the entire length of the tongue
Hyoid bone
what is the origin of the hyoglossus muscle?
the hyoid bone
what is the insertion of the hyoglossus muscle?
fibres run superiorly and insert into the lateral aspects of the tongue
what is the origin of the styloglossus muscle
styloid process of the temporal bone
what is the insertion of the styloglossus muscle?
posterior 1/3 of the tongue
what is the origin of the palatoglossus?
palatine aponeurosis of soft palate
what is the insertion of the palatoglossus?
posterior lateral tongue
what do all intrinsic muscles do to the tongue?
change shape
what do all extrinsic muscles do to the tongue?
change position
what is the function of the superior longitudinal muscle?
moves tip of tongue superiorly
what is the function of the vertical muscle?
broadens the tongue
what is the function of the transverse muscle?
narrows tongue
what is the function of the inferior longitudinal muscle?
moves the tip inferiorly
what is the function of the genioglossus muscle?
protrudes and depresses tongue
what is the function of the hyoglossus muscle?
depresses lateral aspect of the tongue
what is the function of the styloglossus muscle?
elevates the posterior aspect and retrudes tongue
what is the function of the palatoglossus muscle?
elevates posterior tongue to close the fauces
All tongue muscles are innervated by hypoglossal nerve except for
palatoglossus which is innervated by vagus nerve (through pharyngeal plexus)
what is the role of the mylohyoid and geniohyoid in tongue movement?
support the tongue but aren’t in the tongue
which muscles are involved with producing the d in bleed
genioglossal
which muscles are involved with producing k in make
palatoglossal and styloglossal
which muscles are involved with producing th in thing
genioglossal
Describe the innervation of the general sensation on anterior 2/3
lingual nerve
Describe the innervation of the general sensation and taste of the posterior 1/3
glossopharyngeal nerve
describe the innervation of taste sensation
chorda tympani branch of facial nerve on anterior 2/3
describe the innervation of pharyngeal plexus (vagus)
palatoglossus muscle
the parts of the epiglottis are
lateral glossoepiglottic folds, median glossoepiglottic folds and vallecula
what are the parts of the epiglottis innervated by?
Vagus Nerve
The hypoglossal nerve is the main motor nerve and crosses the
lingual artery
which nerve in the tongue is most superior
lingual, with chorda tympani attached posteriorly, followed by glossopharyngeal, and hypoglossal
What is the arterial supply of the tongue
lingual artery from external carotid
what structure does the hypoglossal nerve cross
the loop of the lingual artery
The lingual vein runs parallel to
the branches of the lingual artery
the lingual vein drains into the
internal jugular vein
the jugulo-digastric is the
principal node of the tongue
which lymp is located near the hyoid bone
jugulo-omohyoid
which lymphs drain into the deep cervical nodes
submandibular and submental
all lymph drains into via lymph nodes into
deep vessels in the neck
the submental node drains
tip of the tongue
the submandibular nodes drain
central area of dorsum of tongue
the deep cervical chain is made up of
jugulodigastric and jugulo omohyoid
sulcus terminalis is
what separates anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3
the surface projections on the mucous membrane are called
lingual papillae
the posterior 1/3 surface projections on the mucous membrane is forned by
lingual tonsils
The papillae anterior to the sulcus terminalis
circumvallate, fungiform papillae, filiform papillae, foliate papillae
which papillae have taste buds
circumvallate and fungiform
Barrel shaped epithelial structures are
a collection of fusiform cells that open into a gustatory pore
the main taste bud cell types are
gustatory, basal, supporting cells
the big white slices are called
crypt
crypt means that we are looking at
circumvallate papillae
a rich layer of keratin is seen on
filiform papillae
if there is no keratin it is
fungiform papillae
if filiform papillae is on the slide you call it
stratified squamous with keratinized tips
what do von ebner glands do
open into the bottom of the crypt to wash out the food
the core of the fungiform and filiform and circumvallate papillae is
lamina propria
the posterior 1/3 is lined by
stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium
presence of lymphoid tissue in the form of lymphoid follicles is
lingual tonsil
epithelial crypts penetrate
the lingual tonsil
the posterior 1/3 mucous membrane is
stratified squamous non keratinized epithelium
the part of the lymphatic ring around the opening of the respiratory and digestive tract called
Waldeyers Ring
the lateral wall of the oropharynx is the
palatine tonsil
the lingual tonsil makes up
the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
the lymphoid organs on the nasopharynx is the
tubal tonsil and pharyngeal tonsil
all reticular connective tissue is filled with
lymphoid follicles
the lining of the oropharynx is
stratified squamous epithelium non keratinized
a lymphoid organ has a
capsule
the palatine tonsil has numerous lymphoid follicles
forming the parenchyma (framework made of reticular connective tissue)
the luminal surface epithelium is
stratified squamous epithelium non-keratinized
the presence of tonsillar crypts are
invaginations of epithelium
the hemicapsule is
a broken up capsule made of dense connective tissue
