Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSYC100 > Week 18: Interacting with Tough Content, Self-Care, and Wellness > Flashcards

Week 18: Interacting with Tough Content, Self-Care, and Wellness Flashcards

1
Q

What is health psychology?

A

A field devoted to understanding the connections between psychology and health.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are some chronic diseases mentioned in health psychology?

A
  • Coronary heart disease (CHD)
  • Cancer
  • Diabetes
  • Long-term disability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the Biopsychosocial Model of Health?

A

A model positing that biology, psychology, and social factors are important in the development of disease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the term ‘stressor’ refer to in health psychology?

A

A stimulus that causes a stress response in the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

True or False: Stress only arises from major life events.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two main types of coping strategies?

A
  • Problem-focused coping
  • Emotion-focused coping
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the impact of perceived control on health?

A

It can improve health outcomes and coping abilities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does social isolation affect health?

A

It increases the risk for disease and death.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What characterizes Type A Behavior?

A
  • Competitiveness
  • Impatience
  • Hostility
  • Time urgency
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Fill in the blank: Positive emotions have been tied to _______.

A

[a wide range of health benefits]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is resilience in the context of health psychology?

A

The ability to protect oneself from disease and live longer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the five factors often studied in relation to resilience?

A
  • Coping
  • Control and Self-Efficacy
  • Social Relationships
  • Dispositions and Emotions
  • Stress Management
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What role do social relationships play in health?

A

They provide support that improves health behaviors and reduces stress.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is self-efficacy?

A

The belief that one can complete tasks and reach goals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

True or False: Negative personality traits can be protective of health.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the General Adaptation Syndrome?

A

A model of the stress response developed by Hans Selye.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How does stress influence the immune system?

A

It can suppress immune function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What can be a consequence of chronic stress?

A

Potentially damaging wear and tear on the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the role of optimism in health?

A

Improves coping, reduces stress, and predicts better disease outcomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Fill in the blank: Health psychologists help people adapt behaviors to _______.

A

[avoid disease, reduce stress, and improve overall health]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the significance of social integration?

A

It describes the number of social roles one has and the lack of isolation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are some examples of psychosocial factors that can increase disease risk?

A
  • Excessive stress
  • Smoking
  • Unhealthy eating habits
  • Certain personality traits
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the damaging effects of stress according to Fredrickson (2001) and Pressman & Cohen (2005)?

A

Stress has various damaging effects on health.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How does optimism impact health outcomes?

A

Optimism improves coping, reduces stress, and predicts better disease outcomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are the four components of how positive affect protects against disease as illustrated in Figure 2?

A
  • Reduces stress perceptions
  • Improves health behaviors
  • Lowers physiological stress responses
  • Decreases incidence of disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What percentage of Americans report having stress?

A

20 percent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Which age group reports the highest levels of stress?

A

18–33 year-olds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Name two relaxation techniques for stress reduction.

A
  • Breathing exercises
  • Muscle relaxation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is biofeedback?

A

A technique where individuals are shown bodily information to alter physiological signals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

How can exercise serve as a stress reduction activity?

A

Exercise helps reduce stress and offers multiple health benefits.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is a common joke about college life regarding health, grades, and social life?

A

You can only pick two of these things.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are health behaviors?

A

Behaviors that can improve or harm health.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Give two examples of positive health behaviors.

A
  • Regular exercise
  • Wearing sunscreen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is the difference between health behaviors and health habits?

A

Health behaviors can improve or harm health, while health habits are established behaviors performed automatically.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

How does poor sleep quality relate to academic performance?

A

It is related to weaker learning capacity and academic performance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is health promotion?

A

Enabling individuals to improve health by focusing on risk behaviors and spreading knowledge on risk factors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What are some psychological factors influencing medical treatment outcomes?

A
  • Age
  • Gender
  • Socioeconomic status
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

True or False: Individuals tend to accurately assess the credibility of health information found online.

A

False.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is adherence in health psychology?

A

The ability of a patient to maintain a health behavior prescribed by a physician.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What is the Biomedical Model of Health?

A

A reductionist model that posits ill health results from a deviation from normal function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Define the Biopsychosocial Model of Health.

A

An approach emphasizing biological, psychological, and social processes in studying health.

42
Q

What is chronic disease?

A

A health condition that persists for longer than three months.

43
Q

What is the General Adaptation Syndrome?

A

A three-phase model of stress: mobilization, coping, and exhaustion.

44
Q

What is resilience?

A

The ability to bounce back from negative situations.

45
Q

What is psychoneuroimmunology?

A

A field examining the relationship among psychology, brain function, and immune function.

46
Q

What role do health psychologists play in patient care?

A

They evaluate factors contributing to illness and help create treatment strategies.

47
Q

What is a key focus for the future of health psychology?

A

Studying factors that confer resilience and protection from disease.

48
Q

What is ‘Positive Health’ as proposed by Seligman (2008)?

A

A field to study those who exhibit above-average health.

49
Q

How can mobile health (m-health) applications improve health?

A

By sending reminders for medication and monitoring exercise and food intake.

50
Q

What is the mind-body connection?

A

The idea that emotions and thoughts affect bodily functions.

51
Q

What contributes to physiological changes in the body and health over time?

A

Biological, psychological, and social processes

These processes interact and influence each other, impacting overall health.

52
Q

Define resilience in the context of health.

A

The ability to ‘bounce back’ from negative situations to normal functioning

Resilience can lead to better functioning following negative experiences, such as post-traumatic growth.

53
Q

What is self-efficacy?

A

The belief that one can perform adequately in a specific situation

Self-efficacy influences motivation and performance.

54
Q

What does social integration refer to?

A

The size of your social network or number of social roles

Examples include roles such as son, sister, student, employee, and team member.

55
Q

What is social support?

A

The perception or actuality of having a social network that can help in times of need

It provides resources such as advice, love, and money.

56
Q

Define stress.

A

A pattern of physical and psychological responses after a threatening event that disturbs homeostasis

Stress taxes the organism’s abilities to cope with the event.

57
Q

What is a stressor?

A

An event or stimulus that induces feelings of stress

Stressors can be acute or chronic, affecting the individual differently.

58
Q

Describe Type A behavior.

A

Characterized by impatience, competitiveness, neuroticism, hostility, and anger

Type A individuals often have higher stress levels.

59
Q

Describe Type B behavior.

A

Reflects the absence of Type A characteristics, less competitive and aggressive

Type B individuals tend to be more relaxed and less prone to stress.

60
Q

What is the scientific term for happiness and life satisfaction?

A

Subjective well-being (SWB)

SWB refers to the evaluation of one’s life as going well or badly.

61
Q

What are two internal factors that influence subjective well-being?

A
  • Personality
  • Outlook
62
Q

What are two external factors that influence subjective well-being?

A
  • Quality of social relationships
  • Society of residence
63
Q

What are the three major types of happiness?

A
  • High life satisfaction
  • Frequent positive feelings
  • Infrequent negative feelings
64
Q

True or False: High subjective well-being is achieved by a single key or magic wand.

A

False

High SWB is achieved by combining several different important elements.

65
Q

What is one major determinant of subjective well-being?

A

Inborn temperament

66
Q

What is a typical outcome for individuals high in subjective well-being?

A
  • Healthier
  • Live longer
  • Better social relationships
  • More productive at work
67
Q

Fill in the blank: Societies with high life satisfaction tend to be _______.

A

economically developed

68
Q

What is one psychological influence on happiness?

A

Outlook

69
Q

What does adaptation refer to in the context of happiness?

A

The process by which people return to their former levels of happiness after experiencing good or bad events.

70
Q

How do wealthy nations generally compare to poor nations in terms of life satisfaction?

A

Wealthy nations tend to have higher average life satisfaction.

71
Q

What can diminish the relationship between money and happiness?

A

Diminishing returns of higher incomes

72
Q

What is a common misconception about happiness and materialism?

A

Materialistic people tend to be less happy.

73
Q

Name one reason why happiness is important.

A

It leads to healthier and more effective functioning.

74
Q

What can be a cause of low subjective well-being in a society?

A

Internal conflict

75
Q

True or False: People quickly adapt to good events and maintain high happiness levels indefinitely.

A

False

People typically return to their former levels of happiness after the initial excitement wears off.

76
Q

What is one factor that can help people bounce back after bad events?

A

Resilience

77
Q

What is a notable finding regarding happy individuals?

A

They are usually very sociable.

78
Q

Fill in the blank: Happiness is often seen as a _______ state that can motivate people to be better citizens.

A

positive

79
Q

What can negatively impact a person’s life satisfaction despite external circumstances?

A

Depression

80
Q

What role do aspirations play in subjective well-being?

A

High aspirations can lead to striving but may also result in dissatisfaction.

81
Q

What is one example that illustrates adaptation to circumstances?

A

The initial euphoria of marriage wearing off over time.

82
Q

List two beneficial outcomes of being a happy person.

A
  • Better health
  • Increased productivity
83
Q

What is the general consensus about the benefits of happiness?

A

Happy people are healthier, more sociable, more productive, and better citizens

Research supports that happiness has numerous positive effects on individuals’ lives.

84
Q

Is it necessary for people to be constantly euphoric to be happy?

A

No, it is appropriate and helpful sometimes to be sad or to worry

A mix of worry and positive feelings can enhance creativity.

85
Q

What is a key indicator of happiness in successful people at work?

A

They are mostly positive but sometimes a bit negative

86
Q

What is the most important question regarding an individual’s happiness?

A

Whether people are satisfied with how happy they are

87
Q

What do SWB researchers primarily rely on to assess happiness?

A

Self-report scales

88
Q

What do self-report scales measure?

A

Levels of satisfaction, positive feelings, and lack of negative feelings

89
Q

What are some limitations of self-report happiness scales?

A

People can lie, fool themselves, or be influenced by current moods or situational factors

90
Q

What alternative measures do scientists use to assess happiness?

A

Biological measures, reports from family, coworkers, and friends

91
Q

What does flourishing relate to in terms of happiness?

A

Feeling meaning in life, having close relationships, and a sense of mastery over life activities

92
Q

What is a key aspect of achieving happiness according to the text?

A

Recommendations need to be tailored to individual needs

93
Q

What is ‘adaptation’ in the context of happiness?

A

The tendency for feelings to dampen down over time after reacting to good or bad events

94
Q

Define ‘bottom-up’ causes of happiness

A

Situational factors that influence subjective well-being

95
Q

What does the term ‘life satisfaction’ refer to?

A

A person’s judgment of how well their life is going

96
Q

What are examples of negative feelings?

A

Depression, anger, and worry

97
Q

What are examples of positive feelings?

A

Enjoyment and love

98
Q

What is subjective well-being?

A

The scientific term for happiness

99
Q

What are subjective well-being scales?

A

Surveys where participants indicate their levels of subjective well-being

100
Q

Define ‘top-down’ causes of happiness

A

A person’s outlook and habitual response tendencies that influence happiness

101
Q

Fill in the blank: The popular word for subjective well-being is _______.

A

Happiness

PSYC100 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions