Week 14: Social and Emotional Development Flashcards
What three perspectives shape childhood social and personality development?
- Social context
- Biological maturation
- Developing representations of self and social world
What is the significance of emotional attachments in infants?
They promote motivation to stay close to caregivers and benefit from learning, security, guidance, and warmth.
What is the ‘Strange Situation’ procedure used for?
To assess the nature of attachment between infants and caregivers.
How do securely attached infants typically respond to their caregivers?
They develop stronger friendships, advanced emotional understanding, and positive self-concepts.
What parenting style is characterized by high expectations and warm communication?
Authoritative parenting
What does the Family Stress Model describe?
How financial difficulties affect parenting and child adjustment.
What are the effects of peer relationships on children?
They develop social skills, experience affirmation or rejection, and learn conflict management.
True or False: Peer rejection can lead to behavioral problems later in life.
True
What is social referencing in infants?
Looking to a caregiver’s face to gauge how to respond to unfamiliar situations.
What do scientists believe about infants’ awareness of others’ mental states?
Infants are aware that other people have different perceptions and feelings from their own.
What is a key developmental milestone in children’s social understanding?
The development of a theory of mind.
Fill in the blank: The interaction of social experience, biological maturation, and the child’s representations of experience and the self provides the basis for growth in _______.
social and personality development
What influences the development of a child’s personality?
Genetics and environmental influences.
What does ‘social and emotional competence’ refer to?
The ability to effectively manage emotions and navigate social situations.
How do young children begin to develop social understanding?
Through social interactions and observing emotional expressions.
What is the role of language in developing social understanding?
It provides words to represent and discuss mental states.
How does the quality of parent-child relationships change as children mature?
They evolve towards greater independence and co-regulation.
What can result from parental marital difficulties or divorce?
Economic stress, renegotiated parent-child relationships, and significant adjustments for children.
What types of skills do children learn through play with peers?
Initiating social interactions, conflict management, and collaboration.
True or False: Social comparison with peers can negatively affect children’s self-esteem.
True
What are the behaviors of insecurely attached infants?
Avoidant, resistant, or disorganized responses.
What is meant by ‘coregulation’ in parent-child relationships during adolescence?
A mutual recognition of the child’s growing competence and autonomy.
What is temperament?
Early-emerging differences in reactivity and self-regulation
Temperament serves as a foundation for personality development.
How does a good fit influence personality development?
It refers to the synchrony between a child’s temperament and parental care characteristics that contributes to positive personality growth
A good fit supports better adjustment and personality development.