Week 14 vocab

Question 1

hypoxemia

Answer 1

insufficient oxygenation of the blood (PaO2 less than 60 mmHg)
a common sign of pulmonary compromise during anesthesia and the reason for oxygen enrichment of inspired air

Question 2

hypoventilation

Answer 2

reduced rate and depth of ventilation as determined by increased arterial carbon dioxide levels (hypercarbia or hypercapnia) (PaCO2 above 45 mmHg)
hypercarbia is an early sign of pulmonary compromise

Question 3

hypotension

Answer 3

inadequate arterial blood pressure
the most common sign of cardiovascular depression
diastolic/systolic pressures are normally 80/120 mmHg

Question 4

hypovolemia

Answer 4

insufficient circulating blood volume
a common cause of hypotension
for this reason, fluid administration is one of the most valuable supportive measures one can provide during anesthesia

Question 5

hypothermia

Answer 5

abnormally low body temperature (2-3 C below normal)
a sign of CNS and cardiovascular depression

Question 6

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Answer 6

drug that reduces inflammation by blocking the action of the enzyme cyclooxyrgenase (e.g. aspirin and phenylbutazone)

Question 7

ceiling effect

Answer 7

when higher doses do not inhibit more of an effect

Question 8

cyanosis

Answer 8

a bluish color to the mm

Question 9

pulse oximetry

Answer 9

the estimate percent of oxygen saturated hemoglobin