Anesthesia Vocab #2

Question 1

windup

Answer 1

central nervous system hypersensitivity
a state caused by constant nociceptive input from the periphery in which neurons in the spinal cord become hyperexcitable and sensitive to low-intensity stimuli that would not normally elicit a pain response

Question 2

multimodal analgesia

Answer 2

the attempt to control pain via the usage of different medications or modalities in order to stop the pain at the different points

Question 3

isotonic

Answer 3

osmolality same as blood and extracellular fluid

Question 4

hypotonic

Answer 4

osmolality is lower than that of blood

Question 5

hypertonic

Answer 5

osmolality is greater than that of blood

Question 6

crystalloid fluids

Answer 6

isotonic plasma volume expanders that contain electrolytes
their components are close to those of blood circulating in the body

Question 7

colloid fluids

Answer 7

solutions that maintain a high osmotic pressure in the blood, colloids have particles that are too large to readily pass semi-permeable membranes which causes colloids to stay in the intravascular space longer than crystalloids

Question 8

osmosis

Answer 8

movement of water through a membrane from a high concentration to a lower concentration

Question 9

diffusion

Answer 9

natural movement of an agent from a high concentration to a lower concentration environment

Question 10

anatomic dead space

Answer 10

the volume of the conducting airways of the nose, mouth, and trachea down to the level of the alveoli, representing that portion of inspired gas unavailable for exchange of gases with pulmonary capillary blood