WEEK 13 Flashcards
nursing principles most commonly cited
autonomy, beneficence, fidelity, justice, nonmaleficence, veracity
deontological
“What is my duty”
teleological/utilitarianism
“What action will promote the greatest good with the least harm?”
casuistry
case-based reasoning, what did we do last time
ethics of relationship
ethic of care/feminist
When you are unable to act upon what you believe is the
morally appropriate action to take or when you otherwise
act in a manner contrary to your personal and professional
values due to perceived institutional, procedural or social
constraints
moral distress
The ability to grow and even gain confidence from adverse
and complex ethical problems
moral resilience
A problem is an ethical dilemma when:
A review of scientific data is not enough to solve it
It involves a conflict between two moral imperatives
The answer will have a profound effect on the situation
and the client
patient protection and affordable care act
Characterized by 4 themes
-consumer rights/protectons
-affordable healthcare coverage
-increased access to care
-stronger medicare to improve care for those most vulnerable
Americans with disabilities act
prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability
EMTALA
patients must be stabilized prior to transfer to another facility
mental health parity
no lifetime or annual limit on mental health care. involuntary and voluntary admission. suicidal tendencies-supervision
Patient Self-Determination Act (1991)
Requires health care institutions to
provide written information to patients
concerning their rights under state law
to make decisions, including the right to
refuse treatment and formulate advance
directives
forbids the purchase or sale of
organs
National Organ Transplant Act of
1984
Health Insurance Portability &
Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA)
provides patient’s right to privacy and protects employees from losing health insurance when changing jobs
Health Information Technology Act
HITECH Act of 2009)
Social Media
The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
(1986)
addressed the use of both physical
and chemical restraints.
2 Standards for determination of
death
Cardiopulmonary
Whole-Brain
The Oregon Death with Dignity Act of
1994- first statute for PAS
Death with Dignity or Physician
Assisted Suicide
Five Elements are necessary to prove
negligence
- Duty to provide care as defined by a
standard - Breach of duty by failure to meet
standard - Foreseeability of harm
- Breach of duty has potential to cause
harm - Harm occurs
Agreement by a
client to accept a course of
treatment or procedure after being
provided with complete information
regarding benefits and risks,
alternative treatments, and
prognosis if not performed
Informed Consent
oral/written
agreement
Expressed Consent
nonverbal
behavior indicates agreement
Implied Consent
Three groups cannot supply informed
consent
Minors (children)
Lacks capacity (need consent of
guardian)
Unconscious or injured client unable to
give consent.
telephone consent requires two
nurses to
witness
May refuse assignment before relationship established
with patient when
The nurse lacks the knowledge or skill to provide competent
care
2. Care exceeding the nurse practice act is expected
3. Health of the nurse or the nurse’s unborn child is directly
threatened by the type of assignment
4. Orientation to the unit has not been completed and safety is at
risk
5. The nurse clearly states and documents a conscientious
objection on the basis of moral, ethical, or religious grounds
6. The nurse’s clinical judgment is impaired as a result of fatigue,
resulting in a safety risk for the patient
