ERGONOMICS/BODY MECHANICS Flashcards

1
Q

use of muscles to maintain posture, body alignment, and balance

A

body mechanics

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2
Q

design of work tasks to best suit capabilities of workers

A

ergonomics

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3
Q

True or false? wider base = greater stability

A

true

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4
Q

true or false? lower center of gravity = greater stability

A

true

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5
Q

facing the direction of movement prevents abnormal twisting of the ___

A

spine

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6
Q

equilibrium of an object is maintained as long as ___

A

line of gravity passes through base of support

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7
Q

dividing balanced activity between arms and legs reduces the risk of

A

back injury

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8
Q

what are the most prevalent and debilitating occupational health hazards among nurses?

A

musculoskeletal disorders

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9
Q

true or false? the safest way to lift is with assistive equipment

A

true

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10
Q

semi-fowler’s position

A

HOB elevated between 15-45 degrees

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11
Q

semi-fowler’s safety benefits

A

prevents aspiration, promotes lung expansion

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12
Q

fowler’s positon

A

HOB at 45-60 degrees

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13
Q

fowler’s position safety uses

A

useful during procedures, allows for better chest expansion and dependent drainage after abdominal surgeries

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14
Q

High-Fowler’s

A

patient supine w/ HOB at 60-90 degrees

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15
Q

high fowler’s safety benefits

A

promotes lung expansion, prevents aspiration

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16
Q

supine or dorsal recumbent

A

patient on back , head and shoulders elevated, pillow under feet for support

17
Q

why might a patient benefit from prone position?

A

promotion of drainage from mouth, prevents hip contractures post lower extremity amputation

18
Q

benefits of side lying

A

pressure ulcer prevention

19
Q

difference between side (lateral) lying and sim’s/semi-prone positon

A

differs in distribution of weight. sims’ positon = legs spread out while lying on side. how a lot of people naturally sleep at night

20
Q

orthpenic positon

A

patient sits in bed or on bedside w/ pillow on the over-bed table across lap.

21
Q

orthopenic position benefits

A

allows for chest expansion. often used for people w/ COPD

22
Q

Trendelenburg position

A

entire bed tilted w/ HOB lower than foot of bed

23
Q

Trendelenburg position benefits

A

facilitation of postural drainage and venous return

24
Q

Reverse Trendelenburg

A

Entire bed is tilted with the foot of the bed lower than the
head of the bed

25
Q

Reverse Trendelenburg benefits

A

promotes gastric emptying

26
Q

Modified Trendelenburg

A

Client remains flat with the legs above the level of their
heart

27
Q

modified trendelenburg benefits

A

helps prevent and treat hypovolemia and facilitates venous return

28
Q

helps maintain joint mobility and muscle
strength for clients who are unable to ambulate or exercise

A

ROM (Range of motion)

29
Q

Passive ROM

A

—nurse/PT are moving the joint for the patient

30
Q

Active ROM

A

performed by the patient with the nurse/PT supervising

31
Q

Is it ok to force a joint to move when performing ROM?

A

slight resistance is ok but it should not hurt

32
Q

ROM should be smooth, ____, and _____

A

symmetrical, sequential

33
Q

should you cradle a joint to support it during ROM?

A

yes

34
Q

why do we perform ROM, and how often?

A

maintains joint mobility and muscle strength for clients who are unable to ambulate or exercise. usually performed 1-2 times a day but is up to the provider to

35
Q

3 questions to consider when deciding safest method to transfer patient

A

Can they bear weight?
Can they assist?
Are they cooperative?

36
Q

How to support a patient falling or fainting

A

Assume wide base of support with one foot in front of the other,
supporting the patient’s body weight
 Extend one leg, let the patient slide against the leg, and gently
lower the patient to the floor, protecting the head
 When patient attempts ambulation again, proceed more slowly,
monitor for dizziness and take blood pressure before, during and
after ambulation

37
Q
A