Week 12

Question 0

What will branchial efferent fibers from the cranial root of cranial nerve XI innervate?

Answer 0

Intrinsic skeletal muscles of the larynx.

Question 1

The cranial root of the eleventh cranial nerve is annexed by which nerve?

Answer 1

The vagus nerve.

Question 2

What location gives rise to the spinal root of the eleventh cranial nerve?

Answer 2

Spinal nucleus formed from the ventral horn of spinal cord levels C1-C5.

Question 3

What is unique about the eleventh cranial nerve?

Answer 3

It is the only cranial nerve to originate, in part, from the spinal cord and it is the only cranial nerve to be associated with the foramen magnum.

Question 4

What will branchial efferent fibers in the spinal root of cranial nerve XI innervate?

Answer 4

Sternocleidomastoideus and trapezius muscles.

Question 5

Branches of the twelfth cranial nerve provide somatic efferent innervation to which extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 5

Genioglossus muscle, styloglossus muscle, and hyoglossus muscle.

Question 6

Recurrent meningeal branches from the twelfth cranial nerve will arise from what area of the cranial vault?

Answer 6

Dura mater of the posterior cranial fossa.

Question 7

Peripheral processes form sensory receptors in the dura mater of the posterior cranial fossa will be conveyed from the twelfth cranial nerve to what nerve?

Answer 7

The ventral ramus of the first cervical nerve.

Question 8

Peripheral processes associated with the twelfth cranial nerve arise from pseudounipolar afferent neurons at what location?

Answer 8

The dorsal root ganglion of C1.

Question 9

Central processes from pseudounipolar afferent neurons associated with the twelfth cranial nerve synapse at what location?

Answer 9

The dorsal horn of C1.

Question 10

What is the morphological classification of afferent neurons in the dorsal nerve root ganglion?

Answer 10

Pseudounipolar neuron.

Question 11

What is the morphological classification of motor neurons?

Answer 11

Multipolar neurons.

Question 12

What are the primary neuronal projections observed in a nerve?

Answer 12

Peripheral sensory processes and motor nerve fibers.

Question 13

What part of an afferent neuron is conveyed in the dorsal nerve root?

Answer 13

Central sensory process.

Question 14

What are the subdivisions of the visceral division of the peripheral nerve system?

Answer 14

Sympathetic, parasympathetic and enteric.

Question 15

What is the function of the enteric nerve system?

Answer 15

Control of motility, exocrine and endocrine secretions, microcirculation and regulation of the immune and inflammatory processes of the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 16

What are the locations for neurons of the enteric nerve system?

Answer 16

The myenteric plexus of Auerbach and the submucosal plexus of Meissner.

Question 17

What is the Presumed role of the interstitial cell of Cajal?

Answer 17

They act as pacemakers for the slow wave, continuous peristaltic activity of the gut.

Question 18

What function is primarily emphasized for the myenteric plexus of Auerbach?

Answer 18

Peristaltic activity along the gastrointestinal tract.

Question 19

What function is primarily emphasized for the submucosal plexus of Meissner?

Answer 19

Influence on the process of secretion/absorption of the gut.

Question 20

Other than ganglia or plexuses, in what additional location will neural crest cells associated with the sympathetic division be located?

Answer 20

Adrenal medulla.

Question 21

The superior cervical ganglion is the result of fusion of which paravertebral ganglia?

Answer 21

C1-C4 paravertebral ganglia.

Question 22

The stellate ganglion is the result of fusion of which paravertebral ganglia?

Answer 22

C7,C8,T1 paravertebral ganglia.

Question 23

Which paravertebral ganglia fuse to form the ganglion impar?

Answer 23

Both sacrococcygeal ganglia fuse in the midline, S5 and Co1paravertebral ganglia on both sides fuse in the midline.

Question 24

How many paravertebral ganglia are present in the adult?

Answer 24

21 pair or 42 paravertebral ganglia.

Question 25

What are the names of the most consistent prevertebral ganglia?

Answer 25

Celiac ganglion, superior mesenteric ganglion and inferior mesenteric ganglion.

Question 26

Which of the prevertebral nerve plexuses are more likely to contain secondary sympathetic neuron cell bodies?

Answer 26

Cardiac plexus, pulmonary plexus, celiac plexus and inferior hypogastric (pelvic) plexus.

Question 27

Based on the target cell innervated, what are the classifications given to postganglionic sympathetic efferent fibers?

Answer 27

Vasomotor fiber, pilomotor fiber, sudomotor fiber and secretomotor fiber.

Question 28

Which paravertebral ganglia give rise to pelvic splanchnic nerves?

Answer 28

None.. These are parasympathetic efferent nerves.

Question 29

What rami will communicate with the paravertebral ganglia?

Answer 29

White rami comminicans, gray rami comminicans, interganglionic rami communicans, and splanchnic nerves.