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Fall 2014: Anatomy & Kinesiology > Week 11: Pelvis and hip > Flashcards

Week 11: Pelvis and hip Flashcards

1
Q

5 Bones of the pelvic girdle

A
  1. ilium
  2. ischium
  3. pubis
  4. sacrum
  5. coccyx
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2
Q

4 bony prominances of the pelvic girdle?

A
  1. iliac crest
  2. ASIS
  3. PSIS
  4. SIT (ischial tuberosity)
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3
Q

Which ligament is responsible for limiting sacral and pelvic motions?

A

short posterior SI ligament

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4
Q

What are the main differences between men and women pelvis?

A

men: more stable, more weight bearing, more prone to osteophytes
women: more flexible, more prone to SI dysfunction

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5
Q

Why is the pelvic ring important?

A

it is the connection between the sacrum and pelvis; it helps transfer weight

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6
Q

how many joints are in the pelvic girdle?

A 
7 joints
lumbosacral
2- sacroiliac
sacrococcygeal
symphysis pubis
2- coxofemoral
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7
Q

What is the SI joint?

A

transfer weight from spine to LE

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8
Q

What is nutation of the SI joint? Counter-nutation?

A

Nutation: anterior tilt of sacrum to ilium; PPT
Counter: posterior tilt of sacrum to ilium, APT

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9
Q

What is the open packed position of SI joint? Closed packed?

A

open: counter-nutation (Anterior tilt)
closed: nutation (posterior tilt)

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10
Q

What is the lumbosacral joint?

A

Connection between L5 and Sacral base

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11
Q

T/F with lumbar flexion, PPT always occurs?

A

No, at about 45* of flexion the ligaments are taut and vertebrae are stable and an APT occurs

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12
Q

APT and PPT occur in which plane?

A

Sagittal Plane

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13
Q

Lateral Pelvic Tilt occurs in which plane?

A

Frontal Plane

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14
Q

Rotation occurs in which plane?

A

Rotation

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15
Q

T/F: pelvic motion can be isolated?

A

false

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16
Q

With APT, what occurs at the pelvis, sacrum, hip, and lumbar spine?

A

APT
Sacral counternutatoin (posterior tilt)
Hip flexion
Lumbar extension

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17
Q

With PPT, what occurs at the pelvis, sacrum, hip, and lumbar spine

A

PPT
Sacral nutation (anterior tilt)
Hip extension
Lumbar flexion

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18
Q

With elevation/lateral pelvic tilt, what occurs at the hip and lumbar regions?

A

ipsilateral hip hikes up and adducts

ipsilateral lumbar lateral flexion

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19
Q

What depression/lateral pelvic tilt, what occurs at the hip and lumbar regions?

A

ipsilateral hip depression and abduction

contralateral lumbar flexion

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20
Q

With anterior pelvic rotation, what occurs at the hip and trunk?

A

Anterior hip swing
posterior trunk rotation towards the planted leg
Internal rotation planted hip

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21
Q

With posterior pelvic rotation, what occurs at the hip and trunk?

A

Posterior swing hip
Anterior trunk rotation towards planted leg
External rotation planted hip

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22
Q

What is the angle of inclination for normal hip alignment? Which plane?

A

125* frontal plane

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23
Q

What is the femoral anteversion for normal hip alignment? Which plane?

A

12-15* transverse plane

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24
Q

How many DOF does the coxofemoral joint have?

A

ball and socket
tri-axial (3 DOF)
concave acetabulum with convex femoral head

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25
Strongest hip ligament?
Iliofemoral L. or "Y" ligament
26
Weakest hip ligament?
Ischiofemoral L.
27
3 hip ligaments
Iliofemoral L. Pubofemoral L. Ischiofemoral L.
28
3 closed packed position for hip motions?
Extension ER Abduction
29
3 Resting position for hip motion?
30* flexion abduction Slight ER
30
3 areas of capsular restriction for hip motion?
Flexion Abduction IR
31
Iliofemoral L. restricts which 2 hip motions?
Extension | ER
32
This muscle is responsible for lateral flexion of the trunk (closed chain) and lateral tilt to elevate the pelvis (open chain)
Quadratus Lumborum
33
Attachments of Quadratus Lumborum?
TP of lumbar and rib 12 to posterior aspect of iliac crest
34
4 main muscles involved in hip flexion?
iliopsoas** Rectus femoris** pectineus sartorius
35
Actions of Iliopsoas?
flex thigh ER thigh APT
36
Innervation of Iliopsoas?
Femoral N. | Lumbar Plexus
37
Actions of Rectus Femoris?
flex thigh APT extend knee
38
Innervation of Rectus Femoris?
Femoral N.
39
Attachments of Rectus Femoris?
ASIS to tibial tuberosity
40
Passive insufficiency of the rectus femoris?
hip extension and knee flexion
41
Active insufficiency of the rectus femoris?
hip flexion and knee extension
42
Closed chain for hip extension? Open chain?
PPT | Hip extension
43
Closed chain for hip flexion? Open chain?
APT | hip flexion
44
2 Muscle groups involved in hip extension?
gluteus max | hamstrings (semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris)
45
Attachments of gluteus maximus?
sacrum to femur (GT)
46
Actions of gluteus maximus?
extend thigh ER thigh PT and contralateral rotates
47
Innervation of gluteus max?
inferior gluteal N.
48
3 muscles that make up the hamstring group?
bicep femoris semitendinosus semimembranosus
49
Actions of the hamstring group?
extend thigh PPT flex the knee
50
Innervation of hamstring group
Sciatic N.
51
Active insufficiency of the hamstring group? Passive insufficiency?
Extend hip and flex the thigh | Flex hip and extend thigh
52
Open chain movement of hip abduction? Closed chain?
OC: hip abduction CC: contralateral rotation; ipsilateral rotation
53
2 main muscles involved in hip abduction?
gluteus medius, gluteus minimus
54
Actions of gluteus medius and minimus
hip abduction contralateral rotation ipsilateral depression of pelvis
55
Innervation of the gluteus medius and minimus?
Superior gluteal N.
56
Attachments of gluteus medius and minimus?
external ilium to greater trochanter of the femur
57
Open chain movement of hip adduction? Closed chain?
OC: hip adductors CC: ipsilateral elevation of pelvis
58
5 muscles of hip adduction
1. Adductor longus 2. Adductor brevis 3. Adductor magnus 4. Pectineus 5. Gracilis
59
2 main muscles in hip ER?
gluteus max | piriformis
60
Attachments of the Piriformis?
Sacrum to the greater trochanter of the femur
61
Actions of Piriformis?
Hip ER Contralaterally rotates the pelvis May Act As: IR at the thigh (if the thigh is first abducted >/ 60*)
62
Innervation of the piriformis?
Inferior Gluteal N.
63
What is a trendelenburg sign?
Weak gluteus medius
64
Muscles of hip IR
1. Tensor Fasciae Latae 2. Gluteus minimus 3. Gluteal medius (anterior) 4. Contributions (SM and ST)
65
Actions of Tensor Fasciae Latae?
Abducts the thigh Flexes the thigh Anterior pelvic tilt
66
Innervation of TFL?
superior gluteal N.
67
Attachment of TFL?
ASIS to IT band
68
Piriformis tightness can result in what condition?
Sciatica
69
Tight TFL can put an individual at risk for what syndrome?
ITB friction or greater trochanter bursitis
70
Increased tension at the lateral femoral condyle that causes knee pain and tension at the greater trochanter is characteristic of?
ITB friction or greater trochanter bursitis
71
What is a coxa vara position?
angle is less than 120-125* | Clinical Impact: leg length discrepancy, weakness in hip abductors, early arthritis
72
What is coxa valga position?
Angle is greater than 125-135* | Clinical Impact: instability, subluxation, dysplasia, increased femoral anteversion, increase lumbar lordosis
73
What is the normal torsion for femoral anteversion?
12-15*
74
Which ROM in the LE has a soft end feel?
hip extension with 120-140* knee flexion

Fall 2014: Anatomy & Kinesiology (12 decks)

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