Week 11: General Concepts of Neoplasms Flashcards

1
Q

cancer is the latin word for ____

A

crab

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2
Q

mass of tissue that grows excessively, and keeps growing even if you remove the stimulus that started it

A

neoplasm

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3
Q

innocent-acting tumor

A

benign tumor

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4
Q

evil-acting tumor

A

malignant tumor

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5
Q

another word for tumor

A

neoplasm

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6
Q

characteristics of benign tumors

A
  • small
  • slow growing
  • non invasive
  • stay localized
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7
Q

characteristics of malignant tumors

A
  • large
  • fast growing
  • invasive
  • metastasize
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8
Q

how are benign tumors named?

A

Usually designated by adding “-oma” to cell type

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9
Q

benign tumor of glandular cells

A

adenoma

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10
Q

benign tumor of smooth muscle cells

A

leiomyoma

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11
Q

benign tumor of chondrocytes

A

chondroma

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12
Q

benign tumor that has finger-like projections

A

papilloma

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13
Q

benign tumor that projects upward, forming a lump

A

polyp

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14
Q

when normal cell goes to a tumor cell

A

transformation

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15
Q

tumor cell proliferation can be termed…

A

progression

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16
Q

malignant tumor of glandular cell

A

adenocarcinoma

17
Q

malignant tumor of squamous cells

A

squamous cell carcinoma

18
Q

carcinomas that arise in epithelial tissue

A

adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma

19
Q

sarcomas arise in mesenchymal tissue

A

angiosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma

20
Q

malignant tumor of blood vessel

A

angiosarcoma

21
Q

malignant tumor of skeletal muscle cell

A

rhabdomyosarcoma

22
Q

term for “everything except epithelial tissue”

A

mesenchymal

23
Q

what is included in mesenchymal tissue?

A

bone, cartilage, connective tissue, muscle, etc.

24
Q

______ arise in epithelial tissue

A

carcinoma

25
Q

_____ arise in mesenchymal tissue

A

sarcoma

26
Q

condition in which cells sometimes show microscopic changes

before they turn cancerous

A

dysplasia

27
Q

grades of dysplasia

A

mild, moderate, severe

28
Q

once a cell becomes _________, it

probably will turn into a _____ cell

A

severely dysplastic, cancer

29
Q

development of secondary tumor implants in distant tissues

A

metastasis

30
Q

____ of all patients with malignancies have

mets at the time of diagnosis

A

half

31
Q

two main pathways by which tumors

metastasize

A

lymphatic, hematogenous

32
Q

first, tumors spread to ______,

starting with the _____ lymph node

A

local lymph nodes, sentinel

33
Q

after the sentinel lymph nodes, they are carried through lymphatics to _____________

A

distant places in the body

34
Q

carcinomas prefer to spread via…

A

lymphatic metastasis

35
Q

sarcomas prefer to spread via…

A

hematogenous metastasis