Week 10 - Diabetes and Lungs Flashcards
What is diabetes?
A metabolic disease where the body can’t produce enough insulin, leading to high blood glucose levels.
What are the four types of diabetes?
Type 1, Type 2, Gestational Diabetes, and Prediabetes.
What are common symptoms of diabetes?
Frequent urination, excessive thirst, extreme fatigue, and blurred vision.
Which type of diabetes is most common?
Type 2 diabetes, accounting for about 90% of cases.
Name five risk factors for Type 2 diabetes.
Obesity, lack of exercise, family history of diabetes, age (45+), and high blood pressure.
What is gestational diabetes?
A form of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy and may increase the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes later.
How is diabetes monitored?
Through blood glucose testing, HbA1c tests, and monitoring symptoms.
What are some complications of uncontrolled diabetes?
Heart disease, kidney damage, nerve damage, and vision loss.
How can Type 2 diabetes be prevented?
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, and monitoring blood sugar levels.
What are target blood glucose levels before and after meals?
Fasting: 4.0-7.0 mmol/L; Two hours after meals: under 10.0 mmol/L.
Name five types of lung diseases.
Atelectasis, Bronchiectasis, Emphysema, Asthma, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).
What is bronchiectasis?
Permanent dilation of bronchi and bronchioles due to chronic infection.
Define emphysema.
Abnormal enlargement of air spaces and destruction of lung tissue, often caused by smoking.
What is asthma?
A chronic condition characterized by airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness.
What are the four types of asthma?
Intermittent, mild persistent, moderate persistent, and severe persistent.
