Week 10 - Diabetes and Lungs

Question 1

What is diabetes?

Answer 1

A metabolic disease where the body can’t produce enough insulin, leading to high blood glucose levels.

Question 2

What are the four types of diabetes?

Answer 2

Type 1, Type 2, Gestational Diabetes, and Prediabetes.

Question 3

What are common symptoms of diabetes?

Answer 3

Frequent urination, excessive thirst, extreme fatigue, and blurred vision.

Question 4

Which type of diabetes is most common?

Answer 4

Type 2 diabetes, accounting for about 90% of cases.

Question 5

Name five risk factors for Type 2 diabetes.

Answer 5

Obesity, lack of exercise, family history of diabetes, age (45+), and high blood pressure.

Question 6

What is gestational diabetes?

Answer 6

A form of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy and may increase the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes later.

Question 7

How is diabetes monitored?

Answer 7

Through blood glucose testing, HbA1c tests, and monitoring symptoms.

Question 8

What are some complications of uncontrolled diabetes?

Answer 8

Heart disease, kidney damage, nerve damage, and vision loss.

Question 9

How can Type 2 diabetes be prevented?

Answer 9

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, and monitoring blood sugar levels.

Question 10

What are target blood glucose levels before and after meals?

Answer 10

Fasting: 4.0-7.0 mmol/L; Two hours after meals: under 10.0 mmol/L.

Question 11

Name five types of lung diseases.

Answer 11

Atelectasis, Bronchiectasis, Emphysema, Asthma, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Question 12

What is bronchiectasis?

Answer 12

Permanent dilation of bronchi and bronchioles due to chronic infection.

Question 13

Define emphysema.

Answer 13

Abnormal enlargement of air spaces and destruction of lung tissue, often caused by smoking.

Question 14

What is asthma?

Answer 14

A chronic condition characterized by airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness.

Question 15

What are the four types of asthma?

Answer 15

Intermittent, mild persistent, moderate persistent, and severe persistent.

Question 16

Name three factors that contribute to asthma.

Answer 16

Genetics, exposure to allergens, and smoking

Question 17

What are three types of asthma medication?

Answer 17

Relievers (fast-acting bronchodilators), preventers (inhaled corticosteroids), and symptom controllers (long-acting relievers).

Question 18

What is COPD?

Answer 18

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, a condition with airflow blockage and breathing issues.

Question 19

How is asthma different from COPD?

Answer 19

Asthma can occur at any age and is often reversible; COPD is progressive and mainly caused by smoking.

Question 20

What is the most common lung cancer among women and non-smokers?

Answer 20

Adenocarcinoma.

Question 21

What is pulmonary edema?

Answer 21

Fluid accumulation in the lungs, often due to heart failure or renal failure.

Question 22

Define bronchopneumonia.

Answer 22

A type of pneumonia that begins in the bronchi and spreads to adjacent alveoli, often involving multiple lobes.

Question 23

How is tuberculosis (TB) spread?

Answer 23

Through inhaling aerosolized droplets from an infected person.

Question 24

How do you find your personal best peak flow in asthma management?

Answer 24

Measure peak flow twice daily for two weeks under good control conditions.

Question 25

What are the three zones of an asthma action plan?

Answer 25

Green (well-controlled), Yellow (worsening), and Red (severe, needing emergency care).