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FOM 1 > Week 10 > Flashcards

Week 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a collection of nerve cells bodies in the CNS and PNS?

A

CNS - Nucleus
PNS - Ganglion

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2
Q

What is the longest process extending from a neuron?

A

Axon

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3
Q

What is a nerve made up of?

A

Bundles of axons wrapped in connective tissue

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4
Q

What are the 6 modalities an axon can conduct?

A

Somatic sensory
Somatic motor
Special sensory
Visceral afferent
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic

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5
Q

What direction will an action potential travel in a motor or efferent neuron?

A

CNS toward PNS

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6
Q

What direction will an action potential travel in a sensory or afferent neuron?

A

PNS toward CNS

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7
Q

What are a gyri and sulcus in relation to the brain?

A

Gyri - Ridge
Sulcus - Dip

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8
Q

What are the 4 lobes of each cerebral hemisphere?

A

Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital

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9
Q

What is CN I and is it sensory or motor?

A

Olfactory (Smell)
Sensory - Special

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10
Q

What is CN II and is it sensory or motor?

A

Optic (Sight)
Sensory - Special

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11
Q

What is CN III and is it sensory or motor?

A

Oculomotor (Eye movement)
Motor

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12
Q

What is CN IV and is it sensory or motor?

A

Trochlear (Eye movement one muscle)
Motor

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13
Q

What is CN V and is it sensory or motor?

A

Trigeminal
Both

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14
Q

What is CN VI and is it sensory or motor?

A

Abducent (Abducts the eyes)
Motor

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15
Q

What is CN VII and is it sensory or motor?

A

Facial (Facial expression)
Both

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16
Q

What is CN VIII and is it sensory or motor?

A

Vestibulocochlear (Hearing and balance)
Sensory - Special

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17
Q

What is CNIX and is it sensory or motor?

A

Glossopharyngeal (Tongue and pharynx)
Both

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18
Q

What is CN X and is it sensory or motor?

A

Vagus (Large number of roles)
Both

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19
Q

What is CN XI and is it sensory or motor?

A

Spinal accessory
Motor

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20
Q

What is CN XII and is it sensory or motor?

A

Hypoglossal (Tongue)
Motor

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21
Q

What are the 3 components of the brainstem?

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata

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22
Q

What CNs enter/exit the anterior fossa?

A

CNs 1

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23
Q

What CNs enter/exit the middle fossa?

A

CNs II to CNs VI

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24
Q

What CNs enter/exit the posterior fossa?

A

CNs VII to CNs XII

25
What foramina does CN I go through?
Cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
26
What foramina does CNII pass through?
Optic canal
27
What foramina do CN III, IV, Va and VI pass through?
Superior orbital fissure
28
What foramina does CN Vb pass through?
Foramen rotundum
29
What foramina does CN Vc pass through?
Foramen ovale
30
What foramina does CN VII and VIII pass through?
Internal acoustic meatus
31
What foramina does CN IX, X and XI pass through?
Jugular foramen
32
What foramina does CN XII pass through?
Hypoglossal canal
33
Where are the 2 enlargements of the spinal cord?
Cervical Lumbosacral
34
What is the area where the spinal cord ends?
Conus medullaris
35
What level is the conus medullaris?
L1/L2 IV disc
36
How are spinal nerves named?
According to vertebra above Except in C region where it is vertebra below
37
What do spinal nerves supply?
Soma
38
Where are spinal nerves found?
Only within intervertebral foramina
39
How do spinal nerves connect to the structures of the soma?
Rami
40
How do the spinal nerves connect to the spinal cord?
Roots and rootlets
41
Where are ganglions found?
Posterior root
42
Why are posterior rami smaller?
Only supply posterior body wall
43
Put these in the correct order.
Root Rami Rootlets Spinal nerve
44
Where does the T4 dermatome cover?
Nipple
45
Where does the T10 dermatome cover?
Umbilicus
46
What are the 4 plexuses?
Cervical Brachial Lumbar Sacral
47
Give some examples of the inclusions in the somatic nervous system.
Head and neck walls Chest Back Diaphragm Limbs Skin Skeletal muscle
48
What do nociceptors sense?
Pain
49
What is included in the autonomic nervous system?
Viscera Glands Smooth and cardiac muscle External organ lining
50
What is the function of the autonomic nervous system?
Control of internal environment Sensations from organs to CNS Motor control - Parasympathetic and sympathetic
51
How might pain from the autonomic nervous system present?
Dull Aching Poorly localised
52
What are the 2 motor control divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic Parasympathetic
53
What impact does the sympathetic nervous system have on Pupils Heart Lungs GI tract Liver Adrenal glands Arterioles Skin
Pupils - Dilate Heart - Rate increases Lungs - Bronchioles dilate GI tract - Reduced motility Liver - Glucose released into blood Adrenal glands - Adrenaline/noradrenaline released Arterioles - Dilate (skeletal muscle) or constrict (skin) Skin - Hair stands on end and sweat produced
54
Where does the sympathetic outflow leave the spinal cord?
T1 - L2
55
What nerves connect the sympathetic nervous system to the organs?
Splanchnic
56
What impact does the parasympathetic nervous system have on Pupils Heart Lungs GI tract Liver Bladder
Pupils - Constrict Heart - Rate decreases Lungs - Bronchioles constrict GI tract - Mobility is increased Liver - Glucose synthesis Bladder - Sphincter releases
57
Where do parasympathetic axons leave the CNS?
CNs III, VII, IX and X Sacral spinal nerves
58

FOM 1 (14 decks)

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