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Week 1 Review Qs Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following muscle is involved in abduction?

A. Pectoralis Major

B. Deltoid

C. Serratus Anterior

D. Latissimus Dorsi

A

B. Deltoid

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2
Q

Which muscle is innervated by the lower subscapular nerve? (Repeated)

A. Teres Minor

B. Rhomboid Major

C. Teres Major

D. Rhomboid Major

A

C. Teres Major

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3
Q

Paralysis of which muscle would result in loss of retraction of the scapula? (Repeated)

A. Subscapularis

B. Pectoralis Minor

C. Levator Scapula

D. Rhomboid Major

A

D. Rhomboid Major

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4
Q

Which muscle initiates shoulder abduction? (Repeated)

A. Deltoid

B. Supraspinatus

C. Anconeus

D. Latissimus Dorsi

A

B. Supraspinatus

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5
Q

Which muscle is responsible for swinging the upper limb anteriorly and posteriorly when walking? (Repeated)

A. Deltoid

B. Anconeus

C. Trapezius

D. Coracobrachialis

A

A. Deltoid

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6
Q

Which of the following pairs are the major lateral rotators of the arm?

A. Pectoralis Major and Minor

B. Teres Major and Minor

C. Infraspinatous and teres minor

D. Supraspinatous and Pectoralis Minor

A

C. Infraspinatous and teres minor

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7
Q

What is the function of the subscapular muscle? (repeated)

A. Abductions

B. Medial Rotation

C. Suppination

D. Extension

A

B. Medial Rotation

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8
Q

Which two muscles are innervated by the axillary nerve?

A. Teres Minor

B. Trapezius

C. Supraspinatus

D. Deltoid

A

A & D Teres Minor and Deltoid

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9
Q

Which diseases is characterized by a mosaic pattern of bone and occurs in the elderly?

A

Paget’s disease

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10
Q

Which of the following is a feature of dermatomyositis?

A. Variation in Fiber size with large rounded fiebrs

B. Muscle replcaement by fat and fibrous tissue

C. Perifascicular atrophy

D. Marked Endomysial fibrosis

A

C. Perifascicular atrophy

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11
Q

Non-union of a spirally fractured bone would result in what?

A

Pseudoarthrosis

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12
Q

What is a feature of fast muscle fibers? (repeated)

A. Few Mitochondira

B. High Oxidative capacity

C. Smallest Diameter

D. Used in Endurance activites

A

A. Few Mitochondria

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13
Q

Which of the following generates maximal force of contraction [or: when does maximum muscle tension develop]?

A

100% overlap between actin and myosin

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14
Q

Which of the following is responsible for the ATP dependent power stroke?

A

Myosin head

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15
Q

Which of the following functions as an immediate source of ATP in muscles?

A

Creatine phosphate

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16
Q

What enzyme generates an ATP molecule from 2 ADP molecules?

A

Adenylate kinase

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17
Q

Someone who works with cattle and develops sacroiliitis. What is the causative organism?

A

Brucella abortus

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18
Q

A man in Ohio presents with a bone infection. Biopsy shows intracellular budding yeast. What is the cause?

A

Histoplasmosis

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19
Q

Which of the following causes mild self-limiting arhtirtis [desert rheumatism]?

A

Coccidiomycosis

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20
Q

A neutropenic patient suffers from an infection. Biopsy shows septate hyphae branched at acute angles. What is the cause?

A

Aspergillosis

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21
Q

Aneutropenic patient with a catheter suffers from an infection at the catheter site. Biopsy shows nonseptate hyphae. What is the cause?

A

Mucoralis

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22
Q

ATP binding to myosin head results in?

A

Detachment of myosin head from f-actin

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23
Q

A storage form of ATP?

A

Creatinine-phosphate

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24
Q

Substrate of adenylate kinase?

A

ADP

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25
Q

Which one of the following ligaments prevents upward dislocation?

A

Coracoacromial ligament

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26
Q

Responsible for bone resorption during fracture healing?

A

Osteoclast

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27
Q

What happens metabolically immediately after calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum?

A

Glycogenolysis and glycolysis

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28
Q

What causes fatigue in fast muscle fibers?

A

Glycogen depletion

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29
Q

What is responsible for the opening of voltage gated calcium channels?

A

Change in the molecular structure of the channel

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30
Q

A boy fell on an outstretched hand and had a distal forearm fracture. A cast is applied and an x-ray is dome after two weeks shows a soft callus. What histologic change would you find?

A. Woven bone

B. Laminar bone

C. Granulation tissue

D. Hematoma

E. Fibrocartilage

A

E. Fibrocartilage

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31
Q

An elderly man has alkaline phosphate in his serum. A bone biopsy from his vertebrae showed a mosaic pattern. What is the mechanism?

A

Paget’s disease

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32
Q

What is the impingement test used for?

A

Supraspinatous

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33
Q

Fibeocartilage prone to injury in shoulder dislocation?

A

Glenoid labrum

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34
Q

What is a characteristic of fast twitch muscle?

A

Few mitochondria

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35
Q

Injury to spinal accessory nerve lead to paralysis of which muscle?

A

Trapezius

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36
Q

injury to long thoracic nerve affects which muscle?

A

Serratus anterior

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37
Q

Two diagrams showing the decrease in Ceratinine phosphate and glycogen levels with time. What is the main physiological consequence of this?

A

Muscle fatigue

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38
Q

What is the preferred pathway for energy production during short strenuous workout and why?

A. Glycogen → glucose → glycolysis, because it passes the slow step of hexokinase

B. Blood glucose → glucose → glycolysis, because insulin initiates glucose uptake

C. Free fatty acids → B oxidation, because it gives more energy per molecule

A

A. Glycogen → glucose → glycolysis, because it passes the slow step of hexokinase

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39
Q

Activity of which of the following enzymes will increase during short strenuous workout?

A

Lactic acid dehydrogenase

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40
Q

In bone fracture, which of the following proteins/factors increase chondrocyte proliferation?

A. Parathyroid hormone

B. Metalloprotease

C. Bone morphogenic protein

D. PDGF

E. VEGF

A

C. Bone morphogenic protein

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41
Q

What are the chief lateral abductors of the arm?

A. Infraspinatous and teres major

B. Supraspinatous and infraspinatous

C. Teres major and subscapularis

D. Supraspinatous and deltoid

A

A. Infraspinatous and teres major

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42
Q

A fractured hip of an elderly patient is most known as fracture of the?

A. Ilium

B. Neck of femur

C. Acetabulum

A

B. Neck of femur

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43
Q

A 17 year old man fractured his left femur in a car accident, a year later an x-ray was done for check-up and no traces of the fracture were there, what final event lead to the x-ray finding?

A. Bone remodelling

B. Callus formation

C. Hematoma

A

A. Bone remodelling

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44
Q

A 48 year old female sustained a left humerus fracture, and it was provided that she underwent breast cancer surgery 2 years ago. PET examination showed red hot spots in her skeleton and lungs. What is the most likely finding?

A. Pathological fracture

B. Non-union

C. Soft callus

D. Hard callus

E. Greenstick

A

A. Pathological fracture

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45
Q

What is the effect of smoking on bone healing?

A. Vasoconstriction which diminishes blood flow to the fracture area

B. Produce some cytokines

A

A. Vasoconstriction which diminishes blood flow to the fracture area

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46
Q

What is the initial management for open fracture of humerus?

A. Immediate IV antibiotics

B. Cast

C. Sterile dressing

A

A. Immediate IV antibiotics

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47
Q

A child with a lymphoma experienced an infection related to the catheter, a biopsy showed branched septate hyphae with acute angle, what is the cause?

A

Aspergillosis

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48
Q

Intravenous drug user with arthritis, synovial fluid showed yeast cell pseudohyphae, what is the causative organism?

A

Candida albicans

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49
Q

What will happen if we blocked the Na channels?

A. Hyperpolarization

B. We will not be able to generate action potential

A

B. We will not be able to generate action potential

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50
Q

A 35 year old woman presented with bright red rash on her face and joint pain, synovial fluid analysis showed viral DNA

A. Parvovirus B19

B. Rubella virus

A

A. Parvovirus B19

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51
Q

A patient with multiple old and new fractures, absence of bone architecture, and decrease bone marrow space. What is the diagnosis?

A. Osteopetrosis

B. Osteogenesis imperfecta

A

A. Osteopetrosis

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52
Q

What is produced by pentose phosphate pathway?

A. PRPP

B. IMP

C. Ribose-5-phosphate

A

C. Ribose-5-phosphate

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53
Q

Which rotator cuff muscle is easily impinged?

A. Supraspinatus

B. Subscapularis

A

A. Supraspinatus

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54
Q

A 54 year old man presented with increased levels of alkaline phosphate, the bone showed mosaic pattern? What is the mechanism of this disease?

A

Osteoclast dysfunction

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55
Q

A diabetic patient underwent surgery 2 weeks ago. Now he presents with fungal infection with necrosis, non-septate hypha, what is the most likely causative pathogen?

A. Mucor

B. Coccidiomycosis

A

A. Mucor

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56
Q

A boy in car traffic accident got a fungal infection with budding pseudohyphae?

A

Candida Albicans

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57
Q

What is responsible for pain occurring between 60-120 degrees of abduction in painful arc?

A. Impingement syndrome

B. Osteoarthritis of shoulder

C. Biceps tendinitis

D. Subscapularis tendinitis

A

A. Impingement syndrome

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58
Q

What transports calcium after end of stimulation?

A

SERCA

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59
Q

What is responsible for conduction of action potential?

A. Na channel

B. Ach receptors

C. Ryanodine receptors

D. DHPR

A

A. Na channel

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60
Q

Someone with fracture came after 2 weeks and there was swelling and no calcification on x-ray, in which phase is he going through?

A. Hard callus

B. Soft callus

C. Hematoma

A

B. Soft callus

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61
Q

Which mechanism ensures uni-directional propagation of action potential?

A. Temporary inactivation of Na/K ATPase pump

B. Simultaneous closure of activation and inactivation gates of Na channels

C. Depolarization after action potential passed the axon segment

D. Hyperpolarization during the refractory peroid

A

D. Hyperpolarization during the refractory period

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62
Q

What causes increase in K+ inside cell?

A

Na/K+ ATPase

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63
Q

Which of the following generates maximal force of contraction?

A

100% overlap between actin and myosin

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64
Q

What will happen after powerstroke

A

ATP binds

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65
Q

If ATP binds to myosin head, what will happen?

A. Myosin detaches from f-actin

B. Myosin head is released from actin

A

Both correct

66
Q

Increase frequency of which is used to increase muscle strength (inotropy)?

A. Resting Potential

B. Action Potential

C. Refractory Peroid

A

B. Action potential

67
Q

The increase in K+ conductance in membrane & termination of the action potential?

A

Hyperpolarization

68
Q

What allows propagation of AP in an axon?

A

Sodium channels

69
Q

What is the function of T tubule?

A

Propagation of AP

70
Q

A 70-year-old male with osteoporosis, which of the following is true about osteoporosis?

A. Estrogen mediated bone loss

B. Osteoclast dysfunction (increased resorption)

C. Osteoblast forming weak osteoid

A

C. Osteoblast forming weak osteoid

71
Q

A 63-year-old female. What is the most likely the cause of her osteoporosis?

A. Postmenopausal effect

B. Vitamin D deficiency

A

A. Postmenopausal effect

72
Q

During proliferative phase of bone healing what will you find?

A. Hematoma

B. Granulation tissue

C. Soft callus

A

B. Granulation tissue

73
Q

A 4-year-old boy has osteogenesis imperfecta and fractured his arm, what type of fracture is this?

A. Pathological

B. Compound

C. Simple

D. Greenstick

A

A. Pathological

74
Q

What’s true about lamellar bone?

A. Has parallel collagen fibers

B. Is later converted to woven bone

A

A. Has parallel collagen fibers

75
Q

A 70-year-old man complained of clicking and pain of his right knee. There was significant varus deformity of both legs. What is the diagnosis?

A. RA

B. OA

C. SLE

D. Septic Arthritis

E. Reactive Arthritis

F. AS

G. Paget’s disease

76
Q

Upward dislocation of shoulder joint is prevented by?

A

Coraco-acromial arch

77
Q

A 40-year-old male had a avulsion fracture of great tubercle of the right humerus secondary to shoulder dislocation. He presented with medially rotated arm. What is the explanation of this presentation?

A. Unopposed action of subscapularis

B. Unopposed action of pec. minor

A

A. Unopposed action of subscapularis

78
Q

What’s the commonest fracture site in elderly?

A

Femoral neck

79
Q

What happens after myosin power stroke?

A

ATP binds to myosin head

80
Q

What happens when myosin binds ATP?

A. Myosin detaches from f-actin

B. Release of myosin head from f-actin

A

B. Release of myosin head from f-actin

81
Q

Male kidney transplant recipient living in Chicago developed systemic disease with cutaneous and bone lesions, and on culture there was broad-based budding. what is the pathogen?

A

Blastomycosis

82
Q

why does the voltage dependent gate open?

A

Depolarization activates its gating mechanism

83
Q

Total Tension in muscles means?

A

Both Passive and active tension

84
Q

Pt with Prominent spine of scapula why?

A. Injury to long thoracic nerve

B. Injury of suprascapular nerve

C. Injury to subscapular nerve

A

B. Injury of suprascapular nerve

85
Q

What takes ca+ from cytoplasm to the SR

86
Q

Characteristic of woven bone?

A

Irregular collagen fibers

87
Q

Why we should urgently treat a compound fracture?

A

To prevent infections

88
Q

Which arc of motion is painful during impingement syndrome?

A. 30-60 degrees

B. 60-120 degrees

C. 80-130 degrees

D. 90-140 degrees

E. >90 degrees

A

B. 60-120 degrees

89
Q

Damage to the longitudinal thoracic nerve affects:

A

Serratus Anterior

90
Q

What muscle is supplied by the spinal accessory nerve?

91
Q

The graph shows the relationship between the intensity of exercise and relative contribution of carbohydrates/lipids to ATP production. What exercise intensity range would you suggest to an overweight individual to effectively burn fat?

A

A (first part)

92
Q

Which muscle is attached to the coracoid process?

A. Pectoralis major

B. Pectoralis minor

C. Subclavius

D. Coracobrachialis

A

B. Pectoralis minor

93
Q

Which muscle is responsible for shrugging off against resistance?

A. Trapezius

B. Subclavius

C. Biceps

D. Rhomboids

A

A. Trapezius

94
Q

Which muscle is used for pushing the trunk up while climbing a tree?

A. Trapezius

B. Latissimus dorsi

C. Deltoid

D. Rhomboid major

A

D. Rhomboid major

95
Q

What are the main adductors of the shoulder?

A. Latissimus dorsi + Pectoralis major

B. Pactoralis major + Pectoralis minor

C. Pectoralis major + Rhomboid major

A

A. Latissimus dorsi + Pectoralis major

96
Q

Which muscle if injured will not allow arm adduction?

A. Pectoralis minor

B. Pectoralis major

C. Trapezius

D. Latissimus dorsi

A

B. Pectoralis major

97
Q

Which nerve is affected when lateral rotation beyond 15° is painful/impossible?

A. Median nerve

B. Axillary nerve

C. Dorsal scapular nerve

D. Suprascapular nerve

A

B. Axillary nerve

98
Q

Damage of which muscle would affect medial rotation of the arm? (Repeated)

A. Subscapularis

B. Trapezius

C. Latissimus dorsi

D. Rhomboid minor

A

A. Subscapularis

99
Q

What initiates abduction of the arm? (Repeated)

A. Supraspinatus

B. Infraspinatus

C. Subscapularis

D. Subclavius

A

A. Supraspinatus

100
Q

Which muscle is the main retractor of the scapula? (Repeated)

A. Rhomboid minor

B. Rhomboid major

C. Levator Scapulae

D. Deltoid

A

B. Rhomboid major

101
Q

What swings the arm back and forth while walking?

A. Trapezius

B. Rhomboid

C. Deltoid

D. Pectoralis major

A

C. Deltoid

102
Q

What is a consequence of rotator cuff muscle injury?

A. Painful arc

B. Bursitis

C. Tendinitis

D. Sprain

A

A. Painful arc

103
Q

What two muscles have the same function? (Repeated)

A. Teres major + Infraspinatus

B. Teres minor + Infraspinatus

C. Supraspinatus + Infraspinatus

D. Latissimus dorsi + Pectoralis major

A

B. Teres minor + Infraspinatus (They both laterally rotate the arm)

104
Q

Which muscle is affected in winged scapula? (Repeated)

A. Serratus anterior

B. Trapezius

C. Subclavius

D. Biceps

A

A. Serratus anterior

105
Q

A patient has lost the ability to abduct his shoulder (0° - 15°) and the lateral rotation of his shoulder is decreased. Injury to which nerve resulted in this presentation?

A. Axillary nerve

B. Median nerve

C. Ulnar nerve

D. Suprascapular nerve

A

D. Suprascapular nerve

106
Q

Which nerve damage causes winging of scapula?

A. Dorsal scapular nerve

B. Nerve to subclavius

C. Lateral pectoral nerve

D. Long thoracic nerve

A

D. Long thoracic nerve

107
Q

Which rotator cuff muscle is easily impinged?

A. Supraspinatus

B. Subscapularis

C. Infraspinatus

D. Teres minor

A

A. Supraspinatus

108
Q

If someone has recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation, what might be damaged?

A. Biceps tendon

B. Subscapularis

C. Supraspinatus

D. Glenoid labrum

A

A. Biceps tendon

109
Q

What is lost if Subscapular nerve is affected?

A. Lateral shoulder rotation

B. Flexion of forearm

C. Flexion of arm

D. Medial shoulder rotation

A

D. Medial shoulder rotation

110
Q

What is lost if Musculocutaneous nerve is affected?

A. Extension of arm

B. Flexion of arm

C. Extension of forearm

D. Flexion of forearm

A

D. Flexion of forearm

111
Q

Injury to spinal accessory nerve lead to paralysis of which muscle?

A. Deltoid

B. Pectoralis major

C. Subclavius

D. Trapezius

A

D. Trapezius

112
Q

Injury to Long thoracic nerve affects which muscle? (Repeated)

A. Subscapularis

B. Supraspinatus

C. Infraspinatus

D. Serratus anterior

A

D. Serratus anterior

113
Q

A patient presented to the ER with an injury in his shoulder that he does NOT feel. It was flat also. Which nerve is injured in this case?

A. Medial pectoral nerve

B. Dorsal scapular nerve

C. Lateral pectoral nerve

D. Axillary nerve

A

D. Axillary nerve

114
Q

What nerve is affected when a person is unable to retract the scapula?

A. Medial pectoral nerve

B. Lateral pectoral nerve

C. Dorsal scapular nerve

D. Suprascapular nerve

A

C. Dorsal scapular nerve

115
Q

A 40 year old male had an avulsion fracture of great tubercle of the right humerus secondary to shoulder dislocation. He presented with medially rotated arm. What is the explanation of this presentation?

A. unopposed action of subscapularis

B. unopposed action of Pectoralis minor

A

A. unopposed action of subscapularis

116
Q

Injury to which nerve results in the inability to initiate abduction?

A. Dorsal scapular nerve

B. Suprascapular nerve

C. Thoracodorsal nerve

D. Long thoracic nerve

A

B. Suprascapular nerve

117
Q

Injury to which nerve results in the inability to retract the scapula?

A. Dorsal scapular nerve

B. Suprascapular nerve

C. Thoracodorsal nerve

D. Long thoracic nerve

A

A. Dorsal scapular nerve

118
Q

What nerve is affected in a person who can’t initiate abduction?

A. Suprascapular nerve

B. Dorsal scapular nerve

C. Lateral pectoral nerve

D. Medial pectoral nerve

A

A. Suprascapular nerve

119
Q

Boxer said: “ Ow, I can’t punch!”. Which nerve is injured?

A. Dorsal scapular nerve

B. Lateral pectoral nerve

C. Long thoracic nerve

D. Medial pectoral nerve

A

C. Long thoracic nerve

120
Q

In fracture of the middle part of the clavicle, the proximal side is elevated while the lateral part is stationary. What keeps the lateral side in such position?

A. Action of subclavius muscle

B. Coracoclavicular ligament

A

B. Coracoclavicular ligament

121
Q

What muscle is supplied by the spinal accessory nerve?

A. Trapezius

B. Subscapularis

C. Supraspinatus

D. Infraspinatus

A

A. Trapezius

122
Q

What structure elevates the clavicle and is associated with the subclavian groove of the clavicle?

A. Subscapularis
B. Levator scapulae
C. Subclavius
D. Pectoralis major

A

C. Subclavius

123
Q

Elevation and external rotation of arm is lost due to:

  1. Roots injury
  2. Superior trunk injury
  3. Inferior trunk injury
  4. Divisions injury
  5. Medial cord injury
  6. Posterior cord injury
  7. Terminal branch injury
A

B. Superior trunk injury

124
Q

Scapular winging occurs in:

  1. Roots injury
  2. Superior trunk injury
  3. Inferior trunk injury
  4. Divisions injury
  5. Medial cord injury
  6. Posterior cord injury
  7. Terminal branch injury
A

A. Roots injury

125
Q

A patient came to the ER with prominent spine of scapula:

A. Injury to long thoracic nerve

B. Injury to suprascapular nerve

C. Injury to subscapular nerve

A

A. Injury to long thoracic nerve

126
Q

Brachial artery begins at the lower border of this muscle:

A. Teres major

B. Teres minor

C. Brachioradialis

A

A. Teres major

127
Q

What group of lymph nodes are located posterior to pectoralis major?

A. Apical lymph nodes

B. Central lymph nodes

C. Lateral lymph nodes

D. Anterior lymph nodes

E. Posterior lymph nodes

A

D. Anterior lymph nodes

128
Q

Fracture of the humerus 1 inch proximal to the epicondyles will most likely affect which nerve?

A. Ulnar nerve

B. Radial nerve

C. Musculocutaneous nerve

D. Axillary nerve

E. Median nerve

A

E. Median nerve

129
Q

Ligature at the 2nd part of the axillary artery will cause the blood to travel in the reverse direction to which artery? (Repeated)

A Lateral thoracic artery

B. Thoracoacromial artery

C. Subscapular artery

D. Posterior circumflex humeral artery

A

C. Subscapular artery

130
Q

Which muscle is used to manually screw into a tree? (In other words, which muscle is used for
supination?)

A. Biceps brachii

B. Triceps brachii

C. Coracobrachialis

D. Brachialis

A

A. Biceps brachii

131
Q

A 34 year old male suffers from weak abduction and adduction in his fingers, but no problem in flexion. There is loss of sensation in the palmar surface of the ring finger and the small finger. Which nerve is affected?

A. Median nerve in carpal tunnel

B. Median nerve between two heads of Pronator Teres

C. Ulnar nerve near Pisiform

D. Ulnar nerve posterior to medial epicondyle

A

C. Ulnar nerve near Pisiform

132
Q

Fracture of this part damages ulnar nerve:

a. Head of humerus
b. Anatomical neck
c. Surgical neck
d. Medial epicondyle
e. Lateral epicondyle
f. Capitulum
g. Shaft

A

d. Medial epicondyle

133
Q

Fracture of this part damages radial nerve:

a. Head of humerus
b. Anatomical neck
c. Surgical neck
d. Medial epicondyle
e. Lateral epicondyle
f. Capitulum
g. Shaft

134
Q

An X-Ray of the shoulder of a 62 year old female shows erosion of the tendon in the glenohumeral joint. What is this tendon?

a. Short head of biceps brachii
b. Long head of biceps brachii
c. Long head od triceps brachii
d. Infraspinatus

A

b. Long head of biceps brachii

135
Q

A 15 year old boy presented with supracondylar fracture of the humerus. Which nerve most likely will be affected?

a. Ulnar nerve
b. Median nerve
c. Radial nerve
d. Axillary nerve
e. Musculocutaneous nerve

A

b. Median nerve

136
Q

A 16 year old child presented with a fracture of the medial epicondyle. Which nerve is most likely affected?

a. Axillary nerve
b. Radial nerve
c. Musculocutaneous nerve
d. Ulnar nerve

A

d. Ulnar nerve

137
Q

Brachial artery begins at the lower border of this muscle:

a. Teres minor
b. Teres major
c. Biceps
d. Brachialis

A

b. Teres major

138
Q

A 26 year old player in a soccer match had a middle humeral fracture that injured the radial nerve, what is theeffect?

A. Lack of flexion of elbow

B. Weakened extension of elbow

C. Abduct hand wrist

D. Sensory loos of lateral forearm

A

B. Weakened extension of elbow

139
Q

If a patient is unable to extend the wrist and hand joints (i.e. wrist drop), at which level was the injury?

A. Neck of humerus

B. Neck of radius

C. Shaft of radius

A

B. Neck of radius

140
Q

An injury to quadrangular space can affect which structure?

A. Profunda brachii artery

B. Suprascapular nerve

C. Circumflex scapular artery

D. Axillary nerve

A

D. Axillary nerve

141
Q

Which nerve can be injured due to fracture of the neck of the humerus?

A. Radial nerve

B. Ulnar nerve

C. Median nerve

D. Axillary nerve

A

A. Radial nerve

142
Q

A 60 year old female was admitted to the hospital with a humeral neck fracture. which nerve is most likely affected?

a. Radial nerve
b. Ulnar nerve
c. Median nerve
d. Axillary nerve

A

a. Radial nerve

143
Q

A 65 year old female presented with a fractured humerus. On examination, there was loss of sensation in the area labelled A. Which nerve is involved? “The graph in the note was provided.”

A. Radial nerve

B. Median nerve

C. Ulnar nerve

D. Musculocutaneous nerve

A

A. Radial nerve

144
Q

Extension against resistance tests which muscle in the arm? (Repeated)

A. Triceps

B. Anconeus

C. Biceps

A

A. Triceps

145
Q

What artery passes with the radial nerve in the radial groove of humerus?

A. Axillary nerve

B. Profunda brachii artery

C. Brachial artery

D. Radial nerve

A

B. Profunda brachii artery

146
Q

Injury of what nerve results in the loss of flexion of forearm?

A. Radial nerve

B. Ulnar nerve

C. Axillary nerve

D. Musculocutaneous nerve

A

D. Musculocutaneous nerve

147
Q

From which part is the subscapular artery branching?

A. 1st part of axillary artery

B. 2nd part of axillary artery

C. Brachial artery

D. 3rd part of axillary artery

A

D. 3rd part of axillary artery

148
Q

What happens in radial groove injury?

a. Loss of arm flexion
b. Loss of forearm extension
c. Loss of arm extension
d. Loss of forearm flexion

A

b. Loss of forearm extension

149
Q

Which of the following passes through the quadrangular space?

A. Axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery

B. Profunda brachii artery and radial nerve

C. Suprascapular artery and nerve

D. Circumflex scapular artery

A

A. Axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery

150
Q

Which muscle divides the axillary artery into three parts?

A. Pectoralis major

B. Teres minor

C. Pectoralis minor

D. Teres major

A

C. Pectoralis minor

151
Q

Which muscle is responsible for flexion of forearm?

A. Brachialis

B. Biceps

C. Coracobrachialis

D. Subclavius

A

A. Brachialis

152
Q

Which muscle terminates the axillary artery?

A. Teres minor

B. Teres major

C. Brachialis

D. Coracobrachialis

A

B. Teres major

153
Q

Which nerve is injured in the surgical neck of the humerus?

A. Ulnar nerve

B. Median nerve

C. Musculocutaneous nerve

D. Axillary nerve

A

D. Axillary nerve

154
Q

Damage to musculocutaneous nerve would cause the loss of what movement?

A. Flexion of forearm

B. Extension of forearm

C. Flexion of arm

D. Extension of arm

A

A. Flexion of forearm

155
Q

What causes the Na voltage channel to close?

A. K+ conductance

B. Ca 2+ enrey

C. Na Overshoot

A

C. Na Overshoot

156
Q

Increase in potassium gradient & action potential termination occurs during?

A. Hyperpolarization

B. Depolarization

C. Hypopolarization

A

A. Hyperpolarization

157
Q

What is the next step after ATP is bound to myosin?

A. Myosin is generating force after releasing ADP+Pi

B. Myosin-actin binding sites are exposed after ATP hydrolysis

C. Myosin head is released from actin filament

D. Myosin is detached from myosin filament

E. Myosin back to high energy form

A

C. Myosin head is released from actin filament

158
Q

What is the next step after ATP is hydrolyzed?

A. Myosin is generating force after releasing ADP+Pi

B. Myosin-actin binding sites are exposed after ATP hydrolysis

C. Myosin head is released from actin filament

D. Myosin is detached from myosin filament

E. Myosin back to high energy form

A

E. Myosin back to high energy form

159
Q

What is the next steo after myosin has completed power stroke?

A. Myosin is generating force after releasing ADP+Pi

B. Myosin-actin binding sites are exposed after ATP hydrolysis

C. Myosin head is released from actin filament

D. Myosin is detached from myosin filament

E. Myosin back to high energy form

A

B. Myosin-actin binding sites are exposed after ATP hydrolysis

MSK (16 decks)

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