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Neuro > Week 1 Cerebral Hemisphere- Severson > Flashcards

Week 1 Cerebral Hemisphere- Severson Flashcards

1
Q

Layers of the Scalp

A 
Skin
Connective Tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose Connective Tissue
Periosteum
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2
Q

What are emissary veins and why are they important with injuries to the scalp?

A
  • Connect dural venous sinuses with the superficial veins outside the cranium
  • Valvless, may flow bidirectionally but usually flow away from the brain
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3
Q

What are diploic veins?

A

located between the out and inner cortical layers of bone, runs through diploe (cancellous bone between cortical layers)

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4
Q

What are the two layers of the periosteum?

A
  • Periosteum covers inner and out surfaces of the skull
    1. Pericranium= outer
    2. Endocranium = inner
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5
Q

What are fontanelles?

A

Fibrous tissue and cartilage connections in those areas where the parietal bones are not fully develop

Anterior fontanelle (soft spot between coronal and parietal bones) closes before the age of 2

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6
Q

What layer is responsible for excessive bleeding with scalp wounds?

A

Connective tissue layer

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7
Q

What arteries supply the scalp?

A

External carotid arteries, internal carotid arteries

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8
Q

Why do facial lacerations gape?

A

Because the face does not have a distinct layer of deep fascia and the subcutaneous tissue is loose between the attachments of facial muscles

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9
Q

What is scalping

A

Scalp is torn off through the loose areolar connective tissue layer

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10
Q 
Sutures of the Skull
Coronal
Sagittal
Lambodoidal
Squamosal
A

Coronal- frontal to parietal bone
Sagittal- midline between the parietal bones
Lambodoidal- occipital to parietal bones
Squamosal- Squamous temporal to squamous parietal

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11
Q

What are the paranasal sinuese

A

Expanded areas of the diploe that are lined with mucoperiosteum - drain into nasal cavity

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12
Q

What bones are the paranasal sinuses located in?

A

Maxillae, frontal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones

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13
Q

What is bregma?

A

Landmark formed by the intersection of the sagittal and coronal sutures - where anterior fontanelle was once located

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14
Q

What is lambda?

A

junctions of sagittal (connecting the parietal bones) and lambdoid sutures (connecting the parietal bones to the occipital bone)

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15
Q

Location and function of the PARACENTRAL LOBULE

A
  • In cerebral cortex, medial aspect of hemispheres
  • Medial extensions of pre central(motor) and post-central (somatosensory) gyri
  • SOMATIC REPRESENTATION OF LOWER EXTREMITY
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16
Q

Pre-central Gyrus

A

(Anterior to central sulcus)

  • MOTOR
  • medially towards longitudinal fissure is LOWER EXTREMITY
  • Lateral towards lateral fissure is HEAD/NECK
  • Laid out according to body plan
17
Q

Post-central gyrus

A

(Posterior to central sulcus)

  • SENSORY-medially towards longitudinal fissure is LOWER EXTREMITY
  • Lateral towards lateral fissure is HEAD/NECK
  • Laid out according to body plan
18
Q

Where is the prefrontal cortex and what is it responsible for?

A

Most anterior part of Frontal Lobe

  • Planned behavior
  • PERSONALITY
  • SHORT TERM MEMORY
19
Q

What are of the cerebral cortex is primarily involved with Alzheimer dementia?

A

Prefrontal cortex

20
Q

Where is the precuneus located?

A

Portion of medial surface of parietal cerebral cortex located between the paracentral lobule and the cuneus

21
Q

What part of the brain is associate d with FORMULATION of speech?

A

Left inferior frontal gyrus

aka Broca’s area

22
Q

What part of the brain is associated with EXPRESSION of speech?

A

Right inferior frontal gyrus

23
Q

What is important about the middle frontal gyrus?

A

It contains part of the premotor cortex that is responsible for frontal eye fields
-directs conjugate movement of the eyes to the contralateral side

24
Q

What is the transverse temporal gyri responsible for?

A

Primary Auditory cortex

25
Q

What is the insular gyri function?

A

Visceral (olfactory, taste, pain) association cortex

26
Q

What is the function of the uncus?

A
  • contains amygdaloid nucleus

- involved with emotional memory

27
Q

What does the hypothalamus do?

A

Regulation of pituitary gland and ANS

28
Q

What does the Thalamus do?

A

Sensory, motor, and association nuclei

29
Q

What does the parahippocampal gyrus do?

A

Memory consolidation

Neuro (14 decks)

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