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NUR154 > week 1 > Flashcards

week 1 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Functions of the blood include all of the following, except

A) transport of nutrients and wastes.
B) generation of body heat.
C) restricting fluid loss.
D) body defence.
E) regulation of pH and electrolyte concentration of interstitial fluids.

A
  1. Functions of the blood include all of the following, except

A) transport of nutrients and wastes.
**B) generation of body heat. **
C) restricting fluid loss.
D) body defence.
E) regulation of pH and electrolyte concentration of interstitial fluids.

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2
Q
  1. Blood is composed of all of the following, except

A) plasma.
B) formed elements.
C) blood cells.
D) cell fragments.
E) interstitial fluid.

A
  1. Blood is composed of all of the following, except

A) plasma.
B) formed elements.
C) blood cells.
D) cell fragments.
**E) interstitial fluid. **

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3
Q
  1. The formed elements of the blood include

A) blood cells.
B) clotting proteins.
C) defence proteins.
D) lipoproteins.
E) albumins.

A
  1. The formed elements of the blood include

**A) blood cells. **
B) clotting proteins.
C) defence proteins.
D) lipoproteins.
E) albumins.

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4
Q
  1. The combination of plasma and formed elements is called

A) serum.
B) lymph.
C) whole blood.
D) extracellular fluid.
E) packed blood.

A
  1. The combination of plasma and formed elements is called

A) serum.
B) lymph.
C) whole blood.
D) extracellular fluid.
E) packed blood.

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5
Q
  1. When checking the efficiency of gas exchange, it may be necessary to draw a blood sample from

A) the heart.
B) the lungs.
C) an artery.
D) a vein.
E) capillaries.

A
  1. When checking the efficiency of gas exchange, it may be necessary to draw a blood sample from

A) the heart.
B) the lungs.
**C) an artery. **
D) a vein.
E) capillaries.

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6
Q
  1. Each of the following is a characteristic of whole blood, except a

A) temperature approximately 38 degrees Celsius.
B) viscosity about the same as water.
C) pH of 7.4.
D) bright red colour if taken from an artery.
E) dull red colour if taken from a vein.

A
  1. Each of the following is a characteristic of whole blood, except a

A) temperature approximately 38 degrees Celsius.
**B) viscosity about the same as water. **
C) pH of 7.4.
D) bright red colour if taken from an artery.
E) dull red colour if taken from a vein.

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7
Q
  1. Fresh whole blood for testing in a laboratory is usually collected from

A) the heart.
B) a superficial artery.
C) a superficial vein.
D) a capillary.
E) an arteriole.

A
  1. Fresh whole blood for testing in a laboratory is usually collected from

A) the heart.
B) a superficial artery.
**C) a superficial vein. **
D) a capillary.
E) an arteriole.

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8
Q
  1. The total volume of blood in the body of a 70kg man is approximately _____ litres.

A) 25–30
B) 10–15
C) 5–6
D) 2–4
E) less than 2

A
  1. The total volume of blood in the body of a 70kg man is approximately _____ litres.

A) 25–30
B) 10–15
**C) 5–6 **
D) 2–4
E) less than 2

8%

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9
Q
  1. A person who has a low blood volume is said to be

A) hypovolaemic.
B) hypervolaemic.
C) normovolaemic.
D) isovolaemic.
E) antivolaemic.

A
  1. A person who has a low blood volume is said to be

**A) hypovolaemic. **
B) hypervolaemic.
C) normovolaemic.
D) isovolaemic.
E) antivolaemic.

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10
Q
  1. The chief difference between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the

A) amount of water.
B) quantity of electrolytes.
C) quantity of organic wastes.
D) concentration of dissolved oxygen and proteins.
E) concentration of glucose.

A
  1. The chief difference between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the

A) amount of water.
B) quantity of electrolytes.
C) quantity of organic wastes.
**D) concentration of dissolved oxygen and proteins. **
E) concentration of glucose.

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11
Q
  1. The most abundant proteins in blood plasma are

A) globulins.
B) transport proteins.
C) albumins.
D) lipoproteins.
E) fibrinogens.

A
  1. The most abundant proteins in blood plasma are

A) globulins.
B) transport proteins.
C) albumins.
D) lipoproteins.
E) fibrinogens.

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12
Q
  1. Plasma proteins that are important in body defence are the

A) albumins.
B) fibrinogens.
C) immunoglobulins.
D) metalloproteins.
E) lipoproteins.

A
  1. Plasma proteins that are important in body defence are the

A) albumins.
B) fibrinogens.
**C) immunoglobulins. **
D) metalloproteins.
E) lipoproteins.

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13
Q
  1. Plasma proteins that are necessary for blood clotting are the

A) albumins.
B) fibrinogens.
C) immunoglobulins.
D) metalloproteins.
E) lipoproteins.

A
  1. Plasma proteins that are necessary for blood clotting are the

A) albumins.
**B) fibrinogens. **
C) immunoglobulins.
D) metalloproteins.
E) lipoproteins.

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14
Q
  1. Red blood cells are formed in

A) the liver.
B) the spleen.
C) red bone marrow.
D) yellow bone marrow.
E) lymph nodes.

A
  1. Red blood cells are formed in

A) the liver.
B) the spleen.
**C) red bone marrow. **
D) yellow bone marrow.
E) lymph nodes.

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15
Q
  1. Stem cells responsible for the production of most white blood cells originate in the

A) liver.
B) thymus.
C) spleen.
D) red bone marrow.
E) lymph tissue.

A
  1. Stem cells responsible for the production of most white blood cells originate in the

A) liver.
B) thymus.
C) spleen.
**D) red bone marrow. **
E) lymph tissue.

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16
Q
  1. Stem cells responsible for the process of lymphopoiesis are located in all of the following, except

A) the spleen.
B) the kidney.
C) the lymph nodes.
D) the red bone marrow.
E) the thymus.

A
  1. Stem cells responsible for the process of lymphopoiesis are located in all of the following, except

A) the spleen.
**B) the kidney. **
C) the lymph nodes.
D) the red bone marrow.
E) the thymus.

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17
Q
  1. Agranular leukocytes are formed in

A) the liver.
B) the spleen.
C) the thymus.
D) red bone marrow.
E) yellow bone marrow.

A
  1. Agranular leukocytes are formed in

A) the liver.
B) the spleen.
C) the thymus.
**D) red bone marrow. **
E) yellow bone marrow.

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18
Q
  1. Red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone

A) thymosin.
B) angiotensin I.
C) erythropoietin.
D) M-CSF.
E) cobalamin.

A
  1. Red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone

A) thymosin.
B) angiotensin I.
C) erythropoietin.
D) M-CSF.
E) cobalamin.

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19
Q
  1. Which of the following statements concerning red blood cells is false?

A) Red cells are biconcave discs.
B) Red cells lack mitochondria.
C) Red cells have a large nucleus.
D) Red cells are specialized for carrying oxygen.
E) Red cells can form stacks called rouleaux.

A
  1. Which of the following statements concerning red blood cells is false?

A) Red cells are biconcave discs.
B) Red cells lack mitochondria.
**C) Red cells have a large nucleus. **
D) Red cells are specialized for carrying oxygen.
E) Red cells can form stacks called rouleaux.

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20
Q
  1. The function of red blood cells is to

A) remove carbon dioxide from active cells.
B) remove nitrogenous wastes from active tissues.
C) carry oxygen from the lungs to the body’s cells.
D) carry nutrients from the digestive system to the body’s cells.
E) defend the body against infectious organisms.

A
  1. The function of red blood cells is to

A) remove carbon dioxide from active cells.
B) remove nitrogenous wastes from active tissues.
**C) carry oxygen from the lungs to the body’s cells. **
D) carry nutrients from the digestive system to the body’s cells.
E) defend the body against infectious organisms.

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21
Q
  1. The function of haemoglobin is to

A) carry oxygen.
B) protect the body against infectious agents.
C) aid in the process of blood clotting.
D) carry nutrients from the intestine to the body’s cells.
E) both A and C

A
  1. The function of haemoglobin is to

**A) carry oxygen. **
B) protect the body against infectious agents.
C) aid in the process of blood clotting.
D) carry nutrients from the intestine to the body’s cells.
E) both A and C

22
Q
  1. A condition in which the haematocrit is elevated and the blood volume is normal would be

A) polycythemia.
B) leukocytosis.
C) thrombocytosis.
D) anemia.
E) leukemia.

A
  1. A condition in which the haematocrit is elevated and the blood volume is normal would be

**A) polycythemia. **
B) leukocytosis.
C) thrombocytosis.
D) anemia.
E) leukemia.

23
Q
  1. A red blood cell that contains normal amounts of haemoglobin would be called

A) hyperchromic.
B) normochromic.
C) hypochromic.
D) normocytic.
E) macrocytic.

A
  1. A red blood cell that contains normal amounts of haemoglobin would be called

A) hyperchromic.
**B) normochromic. **
C) hypochromic.
D) normocytic.
E) macrocytic.

24
Q
  1. An anaemia that is caused by failure of the bone marrow to produce new red blood cells is called _____________ anaemia.

A) pernicious
B) dietary
C) hemorrhagic
D) aplastic
E) sickle cell

A
  1. An anaemia that is caused by failure of the bone marrow to produce new red blood cells is called _____________ anaemia.

A) pernicious
B) dietary
C) hemorrhagic
**D) aplastic **
E) sickle cell

25
Q
  1. Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by the

A) spleen.
B) thymus gland.
C) kidneys.
D) digestive tract.
E) both A and C

A
  1. Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by the

**A) spleen. **
B) thymus gland.
C) kidneys.
D) digestive tract.
E) both A and C

26
Q
  1. The waste product bilirubin is produced from

A) globin chains of haemoglobin.
B) portions of haeme molecules that contain iron.
C) portions of haeme molecules that do not contain iron.
D) iron found in haemoglobin molecules.
E) abnormal proteins found in red blood cells.

A
  1. The waste product bilirubin is produced from

A) globin chains of haemoglobin.
B) portions of haeme molecules that contain iron.
**C) portions of haeme molecules that do not contain iron. **
D) iron found in haemoglobin molecules.
E) abnormal proteins found in red blood cells.

27
Q
  1. Most of the iron that is removed from degraded haemoglobin is

A) excreted by the kidneys.
B) excreted by the liver.
C) excreted by the intestines.
D) recycled to the bone marrow.
E) stored in yellow bone marrow.

A
  1. Most of the iron that is removed from degraded haemoglobin is

A) excreted by the kidneys.
B) excreted by the liver.
C) excreted by the intestines.
**D) recycled to the bone marrow. **
E) stored in yellow bone marrow.

28
Q
  1. In adults, erythropoiesis primarily takes place in

A) the liver.
B) yellow bone marrow.
C) myeloid tissue.
D) the spleen.
E) the kidneys.

A
  1. In adults, erythropoiesis primarily takes place in

A) the liver.
B) yellow bone marrow.
**C) myeloid tissue. **
D) the spleen.
E) the kidneys.

29
Q
  1. In adults, red bone marrow is located in the

A) sternum and ribs.
B) diaphysis of long bones.
C) body of vertebrae.
D) all of the above
E) A and C only

A
  1. In adults, red bone marrow is located in the

A) sternum and ribs.
B) diaphysis of long bones.
C) body of vertebrae.
D) all of the above
**E) A and C only **

30
Q
  1. The process of red blood cell production is called

A) erythrocytosis.
B) erythropaenia.
C) hemocytosis.
D) erythropoiesis.
E) haematopaenia.

A
  1. The process of red blood cell production is called

A) erythrocytosis.
B) erythropaenia.
C) hemocytosis.
**D) erythropoiesis. **
E) haematopaenia.

31
Q
  1. Erythrocytes are formed from stem cells called

A) haemocytoblasts.
B) reticulocytes.
C) band cells.
D) myeloid cells.
E) pronormoblasts.

A
  1. Erythrocytes are formed from stem cells called

**A) haemocytoblasts. **
B) reticulocytes.
C) band cells.
D) myeloid cells.
E) pronormoblasts.

32
Q
  1. _______________ are immature erythrocytes that are sometimes found in peripheral blood samples.

A) Erythroblasts
B) Normoblasts
C) Myeloblasts
D) Band cells
E) Reticulocytes

A
  1. _______________ are immature erythrocytes that are sometimes found in peripheral blood samples.

A) Erythroblasts
B) Normoblasts
C) Myeloblasts
D) Band cells
E) Reticulocytes

33
Q
  1. Erythropoiesis increases when

A) oxygen levels in the blood increase.
B) oxygen levels in the blood decrease.
C) carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase.
D) carbon dioxide levels in the blood decrease.
E) protein levels in the blood increase.

A
  1. Erythropoiesis increases when

A) oxygen levels in the blood increase.
**B) oxygen levels in the blood decrease. **
C) carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase.
D) carbon dioxide levels in the blood decrease.
E) protein levels in the blood increase.

34
Q
  1. A normal adult haematocrit would be

A) 100.
B) 75.
C) 66.
D) 45.
E) 10.

A
  1. A normal adult haematocrit would be

A) 100.
B) 75.
C) 66.
D) 45.
E) 10.

35
Q
  1. A person with type A blood has

A) a agglutinins on their red blood cells.
B) A agglutinogens in their plasma.
C) B agglutinogens on their red blood cells.
D) b agglutinins in their plasma.
E) the ability to receive AB blood cells.

A
  1. A person with type A blood has

A) a agglutinins on their red blood cells.
B) A agglutinogens in their plasma.
C) B agglutinogens on their red blood cells.
**D) b agglutinins in their plasma. **
E) the ability to receive AB blood cells.

36
Q
  1. All of the following are true of neutrophils, except that they are

A) granular leukocytes.
B) phagocytic.
C) also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
D) important in coagulation.
E) active in fighting bacterial infections.

A
  1. All of the following are true of neutrophils, except that they are

A) granular leukocytes.
B) phagocytic.
C) also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
D) important in coagulation.
E) active in fighting bacterial infections.

37
Q
  1. White blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are

A) neutrophils.
B) eosinophils.
C) basophils.
D) lymphocytes.
E) monocytes.

A
  1. White blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are

A) neutrophils.
B) eosinophils.
C) basophils.
D) lymphocytes.
E) monocytes.

38
Q
  1. _____________ are large phagocytic white cells that spend most of their time outside the blood as fixed and free phagocytic cells.

A) Neutrophils
B) Eosinophils
C) Basophils
D) Lymphocytes
E) Monocytes

A
  1. _____________ are large phagocytic white cells that spend most of their time outside the blood as fixed and free phagocytic cells.

A) Neutrophils
B) Eosinophils
C) Basophils
D) Lymphocytes
**E) Monocytes **

39
Q
  1. White blood cells that increase in number during an allergic reaction or in response to parasitic infections are the

A) neutrophils.
B) eosinophils.
C) basophils.
D) lymphocytes.
E) monocytes.

A
  1. White blood cells that increase in number during an allergic reaction or in response to parasitic infections are the

A) neutrophils.
**B) eosinophils. **
C) basophils.
D) lymphocytes.
E) monocytes.

40
Q
  1. Platelets function in all of the following, except

A) dissolving a formed clot.
B) forming temporary patches in injured areas.
C) contraction after clot formation.
D) initiating the clotting process.
E) transporting chemicals important for clotting.

A
  1. Platelets function in all of the following, except

**A) dissolving a formed clot. **
B) forming temporary patches in injured areas.
C) contraction after clot formation.
D) initiating the clotting process.
E) transporting chemicals important for clotting.

41
Q
  1. Platelets are formed from cells in the bone marrow called

A) erythroblasts.
B) normoblasts.
C) megakaryocytes.
D) myeloblasts.
E) lymphoblasts.

A
  1. Platelets are formed from cells in the bone marrow called

A) erythroblasts.
B) normoblasts.
**C) megakaryocytes. **
D) myeloblasts.
E) lymphoblasts.

42
Q
  1. Platelets are

A) large cells that lack a nucleus.
B) small cells that lack a nucleus.
C) large cells with a prominent, indented nucleus.
D) small cells with a many-shaped nucleus.
E) fragments of large megakaryocyte cells.

A
  1. Platelets are

A) large cells that lack a nucleus.
B) small cells that lack a nucleus.
C) large cells with a prominent, indented nucleus.
D) small cells with a many-shaped nucleus.
**E) fragments of large megakaryocyte cells. **

43
Q
  1. The main event of the platelet phase is

A) vascular spasm.
B) activation of fibrinogen.
C) clot retraction.
D) formation of a platelet plug.
E) contraction of platelets.

A
  1. The main event of the platelet phase is

A) vascular spasm.
B) activation of fibrinogen.
C) clot retraction.
**D) formation of a platelet plug. **
E) contraction of platelets.

44
Q
  1. The most abundant blood cells in the body are

A) RBCs.
B) plasma.
C) WBCs.
D) leukocytes.
E) none of the above

A
  1. The most abundant blood cells in the body are

**A) RBCs. **
B) plasma.
C) WBCs.
D) leukocytes.
E) none of the above

45
Q
  1. As a result of breaking down large amounts of RBCs, your skin may appear ________ in colour.

A) tan
B) pink
C) yellow
D) red
E) none of the above

A
  1. As a result of breaking down large amounts of RBCs, your skin may appear ________ in colour.

A) tan
B) pink
C) yellow
D) red
E) none of the above

46
Q
  1. A fibrin network that contains trapped blood cells and platelets is called a(n) ______________.
A
  1. A fibrin network that contains trapped blood cells and platelets is called a(n) ______________.

Answer: blood clot

47
Q
  1. __________________ is responsible for the red blood cell’s ability to transport oxygen and CO2.
A
  1. __________________ is responsible for the red blood cell’s ability to transport oxygen and CO2.

Answer: Haemoglobin

48
Q
  1. Anaemia causes a patient to feel lethargic, weak, and confused as a result of _______ starvation.
A
  1. Anaemia causes a patient to feel lethargic, weak, and confused as a result of _______ starvation.

Answer: oxygen

49
Q
  1. __________ is a specialized fluid connective tissue that contains cells suspended in fluid matrix.
A
  1. __________ is a specialized fluid connective tissue that contains cells suspended in fluid matrix.

Answer: Blood

50
Q
  1. Why do people with advanced kidney disease commonly become anaemic?
A
  1. Why do people with advanced kidney disease commonly become anaemic?

Answer: In many cases of kidney disease, the cells responsible for producing erythropoietin are damaged or destroyed. The reduction in erythropoietin levels leads to reduced erythropoiesis and fewer red blood cells, resulting in anaemia.

NUR154 (10 decks)

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