Week 1 Flashcards
Increased temp, heart rate, respirations and restlessness are typical sign of which emergency?
thyroid storm
Individuals with hypothyroidism may have prolonged and exaggerated responses to?
opioids
What is the only antithyroid medication that can be given in the first trimester of pregnancy?
propylthiouracil (PTU)
galactorrhea, amenorrhea, irregular menses, menses with infertility, and decreased libido and partial or complete impotence or infertility in men can be due to?
a prolactinoma and more specifically its inhibitory effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis
what is a cause of gigantism or acromegaly?
growth hormone secreting adenoma
growth-hormone has ____ like effects
insulin
growth hormone is made in the?
anterior pituitary gland
Growth hormone deficiency in children:
- interferes with linear bone growth
- results in short stature or dwarfism
growth hormone excess in children:
- results in increased linear bone growth
- gigantism
emotional disturbances can lead to ___ _____ causing psychosocial dwarfism
functional hypopituitarism
what can occur in neonates with congenital GH deficiency?
hypoglycaemia and seizures
if ACTH deficiency in congenital GH deficiency is also present _____ is more severe
hypoglycaemia
how is the treatment for congenital GH deficiency administered
rhGH is administered by daily SC injection during the period of active growth and can be continued into adulthood
higher prevalence of atherosclerotic plaques and endothelial dysfunction, central adiposity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and increased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and signs of?
Growth hormone deficiency in adults and contributes to cardiovascular mortality
what is the most common cause of acromegaly?
somatotrope (GH) adenoma
What are the 3 treatments for acromegaly?
- somatostatin analogs
- dopamine agonists
- growth hormone receptor antagonists
what is one important cause of precocious sexual development
adrenal disease
Gonadotropin releasing hormone analogues
initially increase the production of FSH and LH by the pituitary, but then GnRH receptors on the pituitary down-regulate leading to decreased responsiveness to GnRH. This can help treat endometriosis, central precocious puberty and advanced prostate cancer.
therapeutic effects and uses of Somatropin
- growth failure in children due to GH deficiency
- growth failure in children due to renal insufficiency
- short stature associated with Turner syndrome
- adult growth hormone deficiency
- muscle wasting related to conditions including aids
adverse effects of somatropin
- insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia
- hypothyroidism
- hypertension
- arthralgia, myalgia
- headache
a syndrome of polyuria resulting from the inability to concentrate urine and therefore to conserve water as a result of a lack of vasopressin (ADH) action
diabetes insipidus
what are signs and symptoms of excessive fluid retention?
- headache
- restlessness
- drowsiness
- coma
Low TSH is?
below 0.4 and indicative of a overactive thyroid
Normal reference range of TSH?
0.3/0.5 - 3/5
High TSH is?
above 5 and indicative of an underachieve thyroid
which drugs will increase the metabolism of synthroid?
- barbiturates
- glucocorticoids
- phenytoin
- Zoloft
- St Johns wort
what are some adverse effects of propylthiouracil
leukopenia, myelosuppression, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia
what is the most common thyroid neoplasm?
follicular adenoma
