Week 1

Question 1

What does pathology mean?

Answer 1

Study of disease and diagnosis ( more commonly used when focussing on physical changes with disease)

Question 2

What does pathophysiology mean?

Answer 2

The study of the functional aspects of disease . The how and why a disease develops and progresses

Question 3

What does etiology mean?

Answer 3

Study of the cause of the disease

Question 4

What does idiopathic mean?

Answer 4

The ethology is unknown

Question 5

What are the 3 categories of ethology

Answer 5

Genetic
Congenital
Acquired

Question 6

What is a syndrome

Answer 6

A condition where signs and symptoms show up all together eg. AIDS

Question 7

What is patho genesis?

Answer 7

Progression of S/S

Question 8

What does sequels mean?

Answer 8

A condition resulting from a disease

Question 9

What does prognosis mean?

Answer 9

The prediction or the outcome of disease

Question 10

What does latrogenic mean

Answer 10

A problem that came about as the result of prescribed treatment
- it is unintended and unfortunate side effect

Question 11

What does nosocomial mean

Answer 11

A disease acquired from a hospital

Question 12

What does morbidity mean

Answer 12

Residual effects of a given disease

Question 13

Risk factor

Answer 13

The highly probable factor in increasing disease development

Question 14

Co-morbidity

Answer 14

Co-existing conditions that worsen/affects the other

Question 15

One of the three categories of etiology is congenital, what does that mean?

Answer 15

• the genetics are fine however other factors interfere with normal development
  Eg. Fetal alcohol syndrome

Question 16

One of the three categories of etiology is acquired, what does this mean? q

Answer 16

It means that the genetics are fine, development was fine, but other factors encountered in life produce the disease

Question 17

What are the possible causes of congenital diseases? (Birth defects)

Answer 17

• infection, substance use, heredity, environmental, nutritional, exposure, untreated maternal conditions, a combination of the above/unknown

Question 18

Etiology cal classification : degenerative

Answer 18

The disease is progressive and deteriorating over time

Question 19

What are the possible causes of degenerative diseases

Answer 19

Genetics, aging, virus, chemical/poison

Question 20

Etiological classification : Iatrogenic

Answer 20

Disease that arise that is a result of medical interventions

Question 21

Possible causes to iatrogenic diseases

Answer 21

Any medical activity, diagnostics, medical interventions, error or negligence

Question 22

Etiological classifications : immunologic

Answer 22

Diseases that involve the bodies immune system

Question 23

Possible causes of immunologic diseases?

Answer 23

Abnormal immune response to normal body process, immunodeficiencies, abnormal response to stimuli

Question 24

Immunodeficiency can be cause by what?

Answer 24

Mutations, viruses, and immunosuppressive drugs

Question 25

What are the possible causes of infectious diseases?

Answer 25

Microorganisms, virus, bacteria, fungus, Protozoa

Question 26

Possible causes of inherited diseases?

Answer 26

Inherited from one or both parents, single gene mutation , multiple gene mutation (which is combined with environmental factors and/or lifestyle factors

Question 27

Etiological classification : metabolic

Answer 27

Despises that result from abnormalities in metabolic processing

Question 28

Possible causes of metabolic diseases

Answer 28

Genetic, lifestyle factors, organ/system dysfunction

Question 29

Etiological classification : neoplastic

Answer 29

Refers to diseases that result from the abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells

Question 30

Possible causes of neoplastic diseases

Answer 30

Genetic, lifestyle, risk factors, exposure

Question 31

Nutritional deficiency diseases possible causes

Answer 31

Limited resources, limited foodstuff, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, difficulty chewing/swallowing, mental health, malabsorption

Question 32

Physical agents induced diseases possible causes

Answer 32

Temp, electricity, pressure/air, noise, light, bites/stings, radiation , poison/OD

Question 33

Physical agents induced diseases possible causes

Answer 33

Temp, electricity, pressure/air, noise, light, bites/stings, radiation , poison/OD

Question 34

Patho genesis

Answer 34

How Etiological factors alter physiological functions which lead to particular manifestations

Question 35

What is the latent period

Answer 35

Aka the incubation period which means from the time of exposure to the time when you first present signs/symptoms

Question 36

What is the prodromal period

Answer 36

The time of the first signs and symptoms

Question 37

What is the acute phase

Answer 37

The maximal intensity of the sickness

Question 38

What is the sub clinical phase

Answer 38

The time when the patient feels like their OK but really they aren’t

Question 39

What is the difference from acute and chronic

Answer 39

Acute means that the diseases is short lived and chronic means that its there over a period of time

Question 40

Remission

Answer 40

A temporary or permanent improvement in a patients health - signs and symptoms become less severe or completely disappear

Question 41

Exacerbation

Answer 41

A worsening or flare up in signs/symptoms and a period of heightened disease activity - term is often used in the context of chronic illness or conditions that may have periods of remission and exacerbation

Question 42

Relapse

Answer 42

The return of signs and symptoms for a disease - eg. If you are in remission and that S/S return that is relapse

Question 43

Convalescence

Answer 43

This refers to the process of recovering from an illness,surgery, or medical treatment

Question 44

Sequelae

Answer 44

The after effects, consequences, or complications that result from a particular disease - eg. After getting covid some people die of pneumonia

Question 45

Complication

Answer 45

An additional medical condition, occurrence, or feature that arises during the course of a medical treatment or illness - eg. Postoperative infections or adverse reaction to medications

Question 46

What are factors that affect normality in health

Answer 46

Cultural, age, sex, situational, time differences

Question 47

Epidemiology

Answer 47

The study of patterns of disease

Question 48

Factors effecting epidemiology (disease patterns)

Answer 48

- age, ethnicity, sex, socioeconomic status and lifestyle, geographical location

Question 49

What is primary prevention : exposure reduction

Answer 49

- childhood vaccines, education, public safety, regulation

Question 50

Secondary prevention is what?

Answer 50

early detection, screening, and management

Question 51

What is tertiary prevention

Answer 51

Rehab, support, and minimize disability