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Pathophysiology 1 > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What does pathology mean?

A

Study of disease and diagnosis ( more commonly used when focussing on physical changes with disease)

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2
Q

What does pathophysiology mean?

A

The study of the functional aspects of disease . The how and why a disease develops and progresses

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3
Q

What does etiology mean?

A

Study of the cause of the disease

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4
Q

What does idiopathic mean?

A

The ethology is unknown

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5
Q

What are the 3 categories of ethology

A

Genetic
Congenital
Acquired

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6
Q

What is a syndrome

A

A condition where signs and symptoms show up all together eg. AIDS

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7
Q

What is patho genesis?

A

Progression of S/S

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8
Q

What does sequels mean?

A

A condition resulting from a disease

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9
Q

What does prognosis mean?

A

The prediction or the outcome of disease

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10
Q

What does latrogenic mean

A

A problem that came about as the result of prescribed treatment
- it is unintended and unfortunate side effect

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11
Q

What does nosocomial mean

A

A disease acquired from a hospital

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12
Q

What does morbidity mean

A

Residual effects of a given disease

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13
Q

Risk factor

A

The highly probable factor in increasing disease development

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14
Q

Co-morbidity

A

Co-existing conditions that worsen/affects the other

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15
Q

One of the three categories of etiology is congenital, what does that mean?

A
  • the genetics are fine however other factors interfere with normal development
    Eg. Fetal alcohol syndrome
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16
Q

One of the three categories of etiology is acquired, what does this mean? q

A

It means that the genetics are fine, development was fine, but other factors encountered in life produce the disease

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17
Q

What are the possible causes of congenital diseases? (Birth defects)

A
  • infection, substance use, heredity, environmental, nutritional, exposure, untreated maternal conditions, a combination of the above/unknown
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18
Q

Etiology cal classification : degenerative

A

The disease is progressive and deteriorating over time

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19
Q

What are the possible causes of degenerative diseases

A

Genetics, aging, virus, chemical/poison

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20
Q

Etiological classification : Iatrogenic

A

Disease that arise that is a result of medical interventions

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21
Q

Possible causes to iatrogenic diseases

A

Any medical activity, diagnostics, medical interventions, error or negligence

22
Q

Etiological classifications : immunologic

A

Diseases that involve the bodies immune system

23
Q

Possible causes of immunologic diseases?

A

Abnormal immune response to normal body process, immunodeficiencies, abnormal response to stimuli

24
Q

Immunodeficiency can be cause by what?

A

Mutations, viruses, and immunosuppressive drugs

25
Q

What are the possible causes of infectious diseases?

A

Microorganisms, virus, bacteria, fungus, Protozoa

26
Q

Possible causes of inherited diseases?

A

Inherited from one or both parents, single gene mutation , multiple gene mutation (which is combined with environmental factors and/or lifestyle factors

27
Q

Etiological classification : metabolic

A

Despises that result from abnormalities in metabolic processing

28
Q

Possible causes of metabolic diseases

A

Genetic, lifestyle factors, organ/system dysfunction

29
Q

Etiological classification : neoplastic

A

Refers to diseases that result from the abnormal and uncontrolled growth of cells

30
Q

Possible causes of neoplastic diseases

A

Genetic, lifestyle, risk factors, exposure

31
Q

Nutritional deficiency diseases possible causes

A

Limited resources, limited foodstuff, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, difficulty chewing/swallowing, mental health, malabsorption

32
Q

Physical agents induced diseases possible causes

A

Temp, electricity, pressure/air, noise, light, bites/stings, radiation , poison/OD

33
Q

Physical agents induced diseases possible causes

A

Temp, electricity, pressure/air, noise, light, bites/stings, radiation , poison/OD

34
Q

Patho genesis

A

How Etiological factors alter physiological functions which lead to particular manifestations

35
Q

What is the latent period

A

Aka the incubation period which means from the time of exposure to the time when you first present signs/symptoms

36
Q

What is the prodromal period

A

The time of the first signs and symptoms

37
Q

What is the acute phase

A

The maximal intensity of the sickness

38
Q

What is the sub clinical phase

A

The time when the patient feels like their OK but really they aren’t

39
Q

What is the difference from acute and chronic

A

Acute means that the diseases is short lived and chronic means that its there over a period of time

40
Q

Remission

A

A temporary or permanent improvement in a patients health
- signs and symptoms become less severe or completely disappear

41
Q

Exacerbation

A

A worsening or flare up in signs/symptoms and a period of heightened disease activity
- term is often used in the context of chronic illness or conditions that may have periods of remission and exacerbation

42
Q

Relapse

A

The return of signs and symptoms for a disease
- eg. If you are in remission and that S/S return that is relapse

43
Q

Convalescence

A

This refers to the process of recovering from an illness,surgery, or medical treatment

44
Q

Sequelae

A

The after effects, consequences, or complications that result from a particular disease
- eg. After getting covid some people die of pneumonia

45
Q

Complication

A

An additional medical condition, occurrence, or feature that arises during the course of a medical treatment or illness
- eg. Postoperative infections or adverse reaction to medications

46
Q

What are factors that affect normality in health

A

Cultural, age, sex, situational, time differences

47
Q

Epidemiology

A

The study of patterns of disease

48
Q

Factors effecting epidemiology (disease patterns)

A
  • age, ethnicity, sex, socioeconomic status and lifestyle, geographical location
49
Q

What is primary prevention : exposure reduction

A
  • childhood vaccines, education, public safety, regulation
50
Q

Secondary prevention is what?

A

early detection, screening, and management

51
Q

What is tertiary prevention

A

Rehab, support, and minimize disability

Pathophysiology 1 (9 decks)

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