WBC Malignancies

Question 1

What is a circulating tumor in blood and bone marrow?

Answer 1

Leukemia

Question 2

What is a malignancy that is localized in lymph tissue?

Answer 2

lymphoma

Question 3

What is a plasma cell myeloma?

Answer 3

WBC malignancy, localized tumors found in bony structures

Question 4

In WHO classification scheme, what is the major category?

Answer 4

Cell type (myeloid or lymphoid)

Question 5

WHat do myeloproliferative diseases involve?

Answer 5

Too many of the normal cells?

Question 6

What are myelodysplastic/ proliferative diseases?

Answer 6

Too many abnormal looking cells

Question 7

What are myelodysplastic syndromes?

Answer 7

Abnormal looking cells

Question 8

What are types of lymphoid neoplasms?

Answer 8

B-cell neoplasm
T & NK cell neoplasm
Hodgkin disease
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 9

What is the cause of leukemia?

Answer 9

Unknown, however some viruses (HTLV-1, HIV, EBV), and Radiation have shown to have a casual relationship

Question 10

What is involved in bone marrow suppression ?

Answer 10

Leucopenia (lack of normal luekocytes)
Anemia
Thrombocytopenia

Question 11

What is the key to diagnosing leukemia?

Answer 11

CBC, then bone marrow lymph node sample

Question 12

What is the post-remission phase of chemotherapy?

Answer 12

Used to eliminate undetected cells

Question 13

What is an allogeneric bone marrow transplant?

Answer 13

From a bone marrow donation

Question 14

What is a autologous bone marrow transplant?

Answer 14

Reinfusion of your own stem cells after treatment

Question 15

What cells are involved in myeloid neoplasms?

Answer 15

monocytes
granular leukocytes
RBCs
megakaryocytes

Question 16

What are 3 examples of myleoproliferative disorders? (normal cells, just too many of them?

Answer 16

CML
PV
Essential thrombocythemia
(good prognosis)

Question 17

What type of myeloid neoplasm is AML?

Answer 17

Myelodysplastic
Cells morphologically and functionally
(bad prognosis) abnormals

Question 18

When it typical onset for chronic myeloid leukemia?

Answer 18

40-50 years

Question 19

What chromosome do the malignant granulocytes carry in CML?

Answer 19

Philadelphia

Question 20

What is the fusion gene bcr abl ?

Answer 20

CML (because of Philadelphia chromosome)

Question 21

What are two signs of CML?

Answer 21

high granulocyte count & splenomegaly

Question 22

What is the only treatment for CML?

Answer 22

allogeneic marrow transplant (from close relative)

Question 23

What type cells is transformed in AML?

Answer 23

myeloid stem cell

Question 24

Which type of leukemia has subtypes (M0-M7)

Answer 24

Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Question 25

What is the most common version of AML

Answer 25

Acute granulocytic leukemia

Question 26

In AML, do the Philadelphia chromosome help or hurt the survival rate of the person?

Answer 26

Hurts- reduced to about 5%

Question 27

What cell type transformations are involved in lymphoid neoplasms?

Answer 27

B, T, NK cells

Question 28

What 2 subgroups are lymphoid neoplasms divided into?

Answer 28

Precursor cell neoplasms | Mature Cell neoplasm

Question 29

WHat is a precrusor cell neoplams (lymphoid)?

Answer 29

arrest development early in blast stage

Question 30

What is a mature cell neoplasm (lymphoid)?

Answer 30

More differentiated, often peripheral sites- more functionality

Question 31

Chronic lymphoid leukemia normally has what precursor?

Answer 31

B-cell (5% T cell- which is more aggressive)

Question 32

Loss of production of what with B cell CLL?

Answer 32

antibodies

Question 33

What is ALL?

Answer 33

Acute lymphoblastic Leukemia/ Lymphoma

Question 34

ALL has abnormal of what cell types?

Answer 34

Lymphoblasts (immature)

Question 35

ALL is a disorder primarily of who?

Answer 35

Children

Question 36

What cell phenotype is hairy cell leukemia?

Answer 36

B cell phenotypes that have hair like projections

Question 37

What gender is more affected with hairy cell leukemia?

Answer 37

Males (5:1 ratio)

Question 38

Malignant cells in plasma cell myeloma all come from...

Answer 38

One B cell clone | antibodies accumulate in blood

Question 39

Where do the extra antibodies in PCM (plasma cell myeloma) go?

Answer 39

Appear in the urine | Bence Jones protein

Question 40

What are Reed-Sternberg cells found in?

Answer 40

Hodgkin Disease (malignant lymphoma)

Question 41

Where do Reed-Sternberg cells come from?

Answer 41

B cells in lymph nodes

Question 42

What virus is commonly found in RS cells?

Answer 42

Epstein Barr Virus

Question 43

What type spread pattern is found in Hodgkin Disease?

Answer 43

Continuos lymphatic pathways

Question 44

2 types of Hodgkin Disease?

Answer 44

1. rare lymphocyte predominance types (5%) | 2. Classical- 4 subtypes (95%)

Question 45

What is the A version of a stage in Hodgkin Disease?

Answer 45

No clinical symptoms

Question 46

What is the B version of a stage in Hodgkin Disease?

Answer 46

Clinical symptoms at staging (night sweats, pruritus, weight loss, malaise)

Question 47

Stage 1 Hodgkin lymphoma?

Answer 47

1 lymph node effected

Question 48

Stage III Hodgkin lymphoma?

Answer 48

Lymph nodes on either side of the diaphragm affected

Question 49

Which type of lymphoma has a more common occurance of extranodal disease (GI, testes, bone marrow)

Answer 49

Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma

Question 50

Which type of lymphoma usually has mediastinal involvement?

Answer 50

Hodgkins lymphoma