Pain Flashcards
What are the four stages of nociception?
Transduction
Transmission
Perception
Modulation
What is transduction?
Converting painful stimuli to neuronal action potentials
What is transmission?
Movement of AP to spinal cord and brain
What is perception?
Brain awareness of pain signals (threshold & tolerance)
What is modulation?
Synaptic transmission of pain signal being modified
What is an example of modulation?
Taking as aspirin
Rubbing a sore muscle
What is the neurotransmitter used for pain?
Substance P
Where is a dull ache probably coming from?
Unmyleinated fiber (deeper organs)
Where is a sharp pain probably coming from?
Myelinated fiber, exterior surface of body
What is threshold?
The level in which an individual starts to feel pain
Pretty much the same in everyone
What is tolerance?
How much pain a person is willing to take before they seek relief
Is pain a primary disorder?
No- it is a symptoms of an underlying disorder
What is acute pain a result of?
Tissue injury
Signs and symptoms of pain come from stimulation of _____
SNS
What is pain behavior?
BP goes up, temp goes up
crying, moaning
What is the most common cause of acute pain?
Headache
What causes a migraine?
Trigeminal stimulation along with changes in NT levels in CNS
There is increased blood flow after a vasospasm which leads to the brian being squished
What defines chronic pain?
Greater than 6 months
What disorder has a history of chronic pain in 4 extremities, unknown causes, and a low pain threshold?
Fibromyalgia syndrome
What is allodynia?
Where mild stimuli causes pain
What type of pain has an identifiable cause?
Cancer-related pain
What type pain is a sharp shooting pain and is along the 2nd and 3rd divisions of the trigeminal?
Trigeminal neuralgia
What type of pain is a damage to peripheral nerves associated with pain, numbness, tingling, mild weakness?
Diabetic neuropathy
What disorder is postherpetic neuralgia associated with?
Shingles
What type pain is from sudden or profound blood flow loss to injuries in a certain body area?
Ischemic Pain
What is chronic ischemic pain due to?
Atherosclerosis
What is referred pain?
Pain perceived in an area other than site of injury
Often at some distance from nociceptor activation
Uniform patterns aid diagnosis
