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Pathophysiology 1 > Cardiac Output > Flashcards

Cardiac Output Flashcards

1
Q

Formula for Cardiac Output

A

CO = SV (stroke volume) x HR (heart rate)

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2
Q

Formula for Cardiac Output

A

CO = SV (stroke volume) x HR (heart rate)

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3
Q

What 2 systems affect the HR and SV?

A

The Nervous System and Reflex arcs

-these are extrinsic regulatory systems

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4
Q

What 2 systems affect the HR and SV?

A

The Nervous System and Reflex arcs

-these are extrinsic regulatory systems

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5
Q

What system only mediates SV?

A

The Primary intrinsic system or Frank Starling mechanism

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6
Q

What system only mediates SV?

A

The Primary intrinsic system or Frank Starling mechanism

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7
Q

Things that increase HR?

A

exercising
emotion
altitude

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8
Q

Things that increase HR?

A

exercising
emotion
altitude

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9
Q

Things that decrease HR?

A

digestion (homeostasis)

pleasure after exercise

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10
Q

Things that decrease HR?

A

digestion (homeostasis)

pleasure after exercise

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11
Q

What are the 3 determinants of SV?

A

EDV
ESV
Preload (Starling’s Law)

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12
Q

What are the 3 determinants of SV?

A

EDV
ESV
Preload (Starling’s Law)

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13
Q

Preload

A
  • The amount of blood that goes into the ventricles
  • Filling takes place
  • slight increase in sarcomere length
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14
Q

Preload

A
  • The amount of blood that goes into the ventricles
  • Filling takes place
  • slight increase in sarcomere length
  • affects EDV
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15
Q

Afterload

A

-the amount of pressure that the ventricle must overcome to pump blood out

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16
Q

Afterload

A

-the amount of pressure that the ventricle must overcome to pump blood out

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17
Q

Venus return

A
  • filling pressure

- pre-load

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18
Q

Venus return

A
  • filling pressure

- pre-load

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19
Q

Calcium is crucial for what?

A

The binding of actin myosin

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20
Q

Calcium is crucial for what?

A

The binding of actin myosin

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21
Q

increase SV and CO means?`

A

increased preload and contractility

22
Q

increase SV and CO means?`

A

increased preload and contractility

23
Q

decreased SV and CO from?

A

-increased afterload

24
Q

decreased SV and CO from?

A

-increased afterload

25
Q

Most important regulatory system governing heart rate is?

A
  • the Medullary Oblongata

- it responds to changes in arterial pressure with changes in heart rate in parallel with changes in contractility

26
Q

Most important regulatory system governing heart rate is?

A
  • the Medullary Oblongata

- it responds to changes in arterial pressure with changes in heart rate in parallel with changes in contractility

27
Q

Decreased blood pressure leads to what?

A
  • increased contractility (increased sympathetic tone)

- increased heart rate (decreased parasympathetic tone)

28
Q

Decreased blood pressure leads to what?

A
  • increased contractility (increased sympathetic tone)

- increased heart rate (decreased parasympathetic tone)

29
Q

Increased blood pressure leads to what?

A
  • decreased contractility

- decreased heart rate

30
Q

Increased blood pressure leads to what?

A
  • decreased contractility

- decreased heart rate

31
Q

Parasympathetic fibers

A

-Vagus Nerve (motor) - SA node and AV node

32
Q

Parasympathetic fibers

A

-Vagus Nerve (motor) - SA node and AV node

33
Q

Sympathetic Fibers

A
  • signal from spinal cord T1-L2 interomedialateral horn

- exits out chain ganglion and goes to arch of aorta

34
Q

Sympathetic Fibers

A
  • signal from spinal cord T1-L2 interomedialateral horn

- exits out chain ganglion and goes to arch of aorta

35
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve

A

-carotid sinus and carotid body (sensory)

36
Q

Glossopharyngeal Nerve

A

-carotid sinus and carotid body (sensory)

37
Q

Vagus (sensory)

A

-from the aortic sinus and aortic body

38
Q

Vagus (sensory)

A

-from the aortic sinus and aortic body

39
Q

Intrinsic Regulation

A
  • threshold potential
  • maximal diastolic potential
  • slope of diastolic depolarization
40
Q

Intrinsic Regulation

A
  • threshold potential
  • maximal diastolic potential
  • slope of diastolic depolarization
41
Q

Extrinsic Regulation

A
  • hormones

- autonomic nervous system

42
Q

Extrinsic Regulation

A
  • hormones

- autonomic nervous system

43
Q

Ventricular Compliance

A

-ability of ventricles to take on extra blood

44
Q

Ventricular Compliance

A

-ability of ventricles to take on extra blood

45
Q

What affects End-diastolic volume?

A
  • filling pressure
  • filling time
  • ventricular compliance
46
Q

What affects End-diastolic volume?

A
  • filling pressure
  • filling time
  • ventricular compliance
47
Q

What affects End-systolic volume?

A
  • heat rate
  • pre-load
  • after-load
  • contractility
48
Q

What affects End-systolic volume?

A
  • heat rate
  • pre-load
  • after-load
  • contractility
49
Q

Cardiac Output affects what?

A
  • mean arterial pressure

- venous return

50
Q

Cardiac Output affects what?

A
  • mean arterial pressure

- venous return

Pathophysiology 1 (11 decks)

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