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Pathophysiology 1 > Cardiac Output > Flashcards

Cardiac Output Flashcards

1
Q

Formula for Cardiac Output

A

CO = SV (stroke volume) x HR (heart rate)

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2
Q

Formula for Cardiac Output

A

CO = SV (stroke volume) x HR (heart rate)

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3
Q

What 2 systems affect the HR and SV?

A

The Nervous System and Reflex arcs

-these are extrinsic regulatory systems

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4
Q

What 2 systems affect the HR and SV?

A

The Nervous System and Reflex arcs

-these are extrinsic regulatory systems

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5
Q

What system only mediates SV?

A

The Primary intrinsic system or Frank Starling mechanism

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6
Q

What system only mediates SV?

A

The Primary intrinsic system or Frank Starling mechanism

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7
Q

Things that increase HR?

A

exercising
emotion
altitude

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8
Q

Things that increase HR?

A

exercising
emotion
altitude

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9
Q

Things that decrease HR?

A

digestion (homeostasis)

pleasure after exercise

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10
Q

Things that decrease HR?

A

digestion (homeostasis)

pleasure after exercise

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11
Q

What are the 3 determinants of SV?

A

EDV
ESV
Preload (Starling’s Law)

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12
Q

What are the 3 determinants of SV?

A

EDV
ESV
Preload (Starling’s Law)

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13
Q

Preload

A
  • The amount of blood that goes into the ventricles
  • Filling takes place
  • slight increase in sarcomere length
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14
Q

Preload

A
  • The amount of blood that goes into the ventricles
  • Filling takes place
  • slight increase in sarcomere length
  • affects EDV
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15
Q

Afterload

A

-the amount of pressure that the ventricle must overcome to pump blood out

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16
Q

Afterload

A

-the amount of pressure that the ventricle must overcome to pump blood out

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17
Q

Venus return

A
  • filling pressure

- pre-load

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18
Q

Venus return

A
  • filling pressure

- pre-load

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19
Q

Calcium is crucial for what?

A

The binding of actin myosin

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20
Q

Calcium is crucial for what?

A

The binding of actin myosin

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21
Q

increase SV and CO means?`

A

increased preload and contractility

22
Q

increase SV and CO means?`

A

increased preload and contractility

23
Q

decreased SV and CO from?

A

-increased afterload

24
Q

decreased SV and CO from?

A

-increased afterload

25
Most important regulatory system governing heart rate is?
- the Medullary Oblongata | - it responds to changes in arterial pressure with changes in heart rate in parallel with changes in contractility
26
Most important regulatory system governing heart rate is?
- the Medullary Oblongata | - it responds to changes in arterial pressure with changes in heart rate in parallel with changes in contractility
27
Decreased blood pressure leads to what?
- increased contractility (increased sympathetic tone) | - increased heart rate (decreased parasympathetic tone)
28
Decreased blood pressure leads to what?
- increased contractility (increased sympathetic tone) | - increased heart rate (decreased parasympathetic tone)
29
Increased blood pressure leads to what?
- decreased contractility | - decreased heart rate
30
Increased blood pressure leads to what?
- decreased contractility | - decreased heart rate
31
Parasympathetic fibers
-Vagus Nerve (motor) - SA node and AV node
32
Parasympathetic fibers
-Vagus Nerve (motor) - SA node and AV node
33
Sympathetic Fibers
- signal from spinal cord T1-L2 interomedialateral horn | - exits out chain ganglion and goes to arch of aorta
34
Sympathetic Fibers
- signal from spinal cord T1-L2 interomedialateral horn | - exits out chain ganglion and goes to arch of aorta
35
Glossopharyngeal Nerve
-carotid sinus and carotid body (sensory)
36
Glossopharyngeal Nerve
-carotid sinus and carotid body (sensory)
37
Vagus (sensory)
-from the aortic sinus and aortic body
38
Vagus (sensory)
-from the aortic sinus and aortic body
39
Intrinsic Regulation
- threshold potential - maximal diastolic potential - slope of diastolic depolarization
40
Intrinsic Regulation
- threshold potential - maximal diastolic potential - slope of diastolic depolarization
41
Extrinsic Regulation
- hormones | - autonomic nervous system
42
Extrinsic Regulation
- hormones | - autonomic nervous system
43
Ventricular Compliance
-ability of ventricles to take on extra blood
44
Ventricular Compliance
-ability of ventricles to take on extra blood
45
What affects End-diastolic volume?
- filling pressure - filling time - ventricular compliance
46
What affects End-diastolic volume?
- filling pressure - filling time - ventricular compliance
47
What affects End-systolic volume?
- heat rate - pre-load - after-load - contractility
48
What affects End-systolic volume?
- heat rate - pre-load - after-load - contractility
49
Cardiac Output affects what?
- mean arterial pressure | - venous return
50
Cardiac Output affects what?
- mean arterial pressure | - venous return

Pathophysiology 1 (11 decks)

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