Water Soluble Vitamins

Question 1

Water Soluble Vitamins

Answer 1

Vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B12, C, Biotin, Folic Acid

Question 2

Pantothenic Acid

Answer 2

Vitamin B5

Question 3

Thiamine

Answer 3

Vitamin B1

Question 4

Riboflavin

Answer 4

Vitamin B2

Question 5

Niacin

Answer 5

Vitamin B3

Question 6

Critical for metabolism of Sugar and Amino Acids as well as CNS function

Answer 6

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
Athletes may need a higher concentration

Question 7

Deficiency of Vitamin B1

Answer 7

Beri Beri and Wernicke’s Encephalopathy

Question 8

Critical to the Metabolism of Carbohydrates, Protein and Fats and is a component of Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD)
- FAD is an essential part of the Antioxidant system (regulates Uric acid and Glutathione - 2 main antioxidants in the body)

Answer 8

B2 (Riboflavin)

Question 9

Critical in the Metabolism of the Carbohydrates, Proteins and Fats - component of the NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) Plays a critical role in the Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain

Answer 9

Vitamin B3 (Niacin)

Question 10

Involved in Cholesterol and Fatty Acid Function

Answer 10

NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide)

Question 11

Component to Co-Enzyme A (CoA)

Answer 11

Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic Acid)

Question 12

Serves as a molecular link between Glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle

Answer 12

Co-Enzyme A (CoA), Vitamin B5

Question 13

Fundamental to the production of Cholesterol, Fatty Acids and Coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ10)

Answer 13

Co-Enzyme A (CoA), Vitamin B5

Question 14

Represents a class of several related molecules (pyridoxal, pyridoxine and pyridoxamine)

Answer 14

Vitamin B6

Question 15

Each of these have a 5’ linked phosphate, play a critical role in metabolism

Answer 15

Vitamin B6

Question 16

Coenzyme for Glycogen Phosphorylase (enzyme that breaks Glycogen into Glucose)

Answer 16

Pyridoxal 5’ Phosphate

Question 17

Involved in the production of Neurotransmitters (GABA, Dopamine and Serotonin) and Gluconeogenesis

Answer 17

Pyridoxal 5’ Phosphate

Question 18

Helps regulate Single-Carbon transfers, both accepting and donating single carbons to chemical reactions

Answer 18

Folate

Question 19

Vitamin B7

Answer 19

Biotin

Question 20

Cofactor in many Carboxylase enzymes, which are transferring Carbon Dioxide molecules and the metabolism of Carbohydrates, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol and Amino Acids

Answer 20

Vitamin B7 (Biotin)

Question 21

Benefits Hair, Nails and Skin

Answer 21

Vitamin B7 (Biotin)

Question 22

Largest of all B Vitamins

Answer 22

Vitamin B12

Question 23

Heavy Metal contained in Vitamin B12

Answer 23

Cobalt

Question 24

Involved in DNA Synthesis, Red Blood Cell Production and proper Neurologic Function

Answer 24

Vitamin B12

Question 25

1. Serves as an Antioxidant by scavenging Free Radicals and Recycling Vitamin E
2. Involved in the production of Carnitine, which shuttles fatty acids into the mitochondria
3. Essential in the production of collagen (Bones, vessels, tendons and ligaments their physical properties)

Answer 25

Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)

Question 26

Not a Vitamin, but considered a Water Soluble Essential Micronutrient

Answer 26

Choline

Question 27

Two main roles are Aid in providing Structure for Cell Membranes and a Critical molecule to produce the Neurotransmitter Acetylcholine
- Plays a major role in in regulating metabolism of Methyl Groups, specifically Homocysteine

Answer 27

Choline

Question 28

Where is Choline Manufactured?

Answer 28

Liver

Question 29

Dry Skin, Sore Throat, Inflammation due to its role in the Antioxidant system

Answer 29

Vitamin B2 Deficiency

Question 30

Inflammation of the skin, headache, memory loss, diarrhea and in severe cases, can lead to death

Answer 30

Vitamin B3 (Niacin) Deficiency

Question 31

Supplementation may help reduce the risk of complications of Type 2 Diabetes

Answer 31

Vitamin B6

Question 32

Synthesized by Gut bacteria

Answer 32

Vitamin B7 (Biotin)

Question 33

Alopecia, Brittle Nails and dermatitis

Answer 33

Vitamin B7 (Biotin)

Question 34

Deficiency can cause Anemia and Neurologic Dysfunction

Answer 34

Vitamin B12

Question 35

Who may need Vitamin B12 Supplementation?

Answer 35

Vegetarians and Vegans

Question 36

In Pregnant women, may improve Hemoglobin Levels and reduce Birth Complications. May help with the recovery of Depressive Disorders

Answer 36

Folate

Question 37

Deficiency in Vitamin C

Answer 37

Scurvy. In mild cases, Dry Skin

Question 38

Shown to Reduce Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and reduce Post-Exercise Soreness, known as Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS)

Answer 38

Vitamin C

Question 39

Over Supplementation of Vitamin C

Answer 39

GI Distress and Diarrhea

Question 40

Plays a role in changing how the genes are expressed by adding specific tags, methyl groups, to your DNA.
- This process can change whether genes are turned on or turned off

Answer 40

Choline

Question 41

Choline Deficiency

Answer 41

Organ Dysfunction, Fatty Liver and Damage to Muscle Tissue

Question 42

Choline Supplementation may lower ___________ Levels

Answer 42

Homocysteine

Question 43

Something that improves either physical or mental performance.

Answer 43

Ergogenic Aid

Question 44

In order to prevent micronutrient deficiencies for water-soluble vitamins, a person should consume a diet that includes the following

Answer 44

1. Animal meats or animal by-products such as dairy or eggs
2. Green, leafy vegetables and other bright-colored vegetables
3. A variety of nuts and seeds
4. Micronutrient-rich grains and legumes
5. Enriched or fortified grains or oils in moderate quantities