Warning systems Flashcards
What are the indications of Windshear
Increasing Performance - Amber “WINDSHEAR” appears on the PFDs
and FMA speed/altitude windows. An aural warning tone and three
cycles of “Headwind Shear” sound.
Decreasing performance - Red “WINDSHEAR” appears on the PFDs
and FMA speed/altitude windows. An aural warning tone and three
cycles of “Tailwind Shear” sound
How is windshear guidance activated on approach
Guidance will not come on during approach unless a go-around is
initiated by pushing the GA button or advancing the throttles past the
95% GA thrust limit after windshear is detected.
Once the GA is initiated, the ATS, if off, will engage and advance to
maximum GA thrust. The FD, if off, will pop up automatically. Guidance
will continue until the windshear condition no longer exists.
How are alerts presented and prioritized
Level 3 Alerts – Boxed RED
Emergency operational conditions that require immediate crew awareness
and immediate corrective action by the crew. Red MASTER WARNING lights illuminate.
Boxed red alert on the EAD with a red triangle in the first position
Level 2 Alerts – Boxed Amber
Abnormal operational system conditions that require immediate crew
awareness and subsequent corrective action
Amber MASTER CAUTION lights illuminate.
Boxed amber alert on the EAD.
Level 1 Alerts - Amber
May require maintenance prior to takeoff, a logbook entry, a confirmation of
desired system configuration, or a flight crew action but not a checklist
procedure.
Amber MASTER CAUTION lights may illuminate.
Amber alert appears on the EAD, SD page, or STATUS page.
Level 0 Alerts – Cyan
Generally operational or airplane systems status information.
A cyan alert on the EAD.
Alert is positioned above the space for reminder messages. The
latest level 0 alert is added to the top of the level 0 alerts.
indication of an overspeed condition
AURAL WARNINGS - Clacker followed by voice: “OVERSPEED” or
“SLATOVERSPEED.”
VISUAL - Airspeed tape on PFD amber or red. CONDITION -
a. Overspeed: Vmo or Mmo exceeded (red).
b. Slat Overspeed: Over 280 knots with slats extended (amber).
what is the function of the PLI
Indicates difference between airplane angle-of-attack (AOA) and
stickshaker AOA.
Turns red at stickshaker.
the significants of TCAS RA
A Resolution Advisory (RA) appears on the PFD and ND when a threat
airplane is about 25 seconds from the Closest Point of Approach
(CPA).
On the ND, the RAs are depicted as red squares
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Two types of RAs:
Corrective RAs recommend changing vertical speed with a green fly-to
zone on the PFD vertical speed display.
Preventive RAs recommend not changing vertical speed with red
forbidden zones on the PFD vertical speed display
the significants of a TA
Traffic Advisories (TA) are amber circles on the ND representing
airplanes that are 40 seconds from the CPA.
There is no requirement to change or monitor vertical speed but visual
acquisition of the threat airplane is required.
The voice warning associated with a TA is “TRAFFIC, TRAFFIC
complying with TCAS
Pilots are authorized to deviate from their current ATC clearance to the
extent necessary to comply with a TCAS resolution advisory (RA).
When TCAS voice message, “CLEAR OF CONFLICT” is announced,
the pilot must promptly return to the previous ATC clearance.
6 modes of tcas
Mode 1: Excessive Descent Rate
Provides ‘Sink rate!’ and ‘Pull up!’ alerts based on descent rate at low radio altitudes (below 2500’).
Mode 2: Excessive Terrain Closure Rate
Provides ‘Pull up!’ and ‘Terrain!’ callouts around rising terrain.
Mode 3: Altitude Loss After Takeoff
Provides alerts against altitude loss after takeoff (or a go-around). Losing altitude triggers a ‘Don’t sink!’ alert.
Mode 4: Unsafe Terrain Clearance
Provides alerts against insufficient clearance, based upon the aircraft configuration and flight phase (takeoff, cruise, approach), and independent of terrain closure rate (i.e situations that modes 1 & 2 would not alert). Alerts include ‘Too low - terrain!’, ‘Too low - gear!’ and ‘Too low - flaps!’. Also protects against a gear-up landing or approach without flaps in the landing configuration.
Mode 5: Excessive Deviation Below Glideslope
Provides ‘Glideslope!’ alerts when deviating below a glideslope while established on a localizer.
Mode 6: Advisory Callouts
Provides callouts based on the specified decision-height and radio altitude. This includes a ‘Minimums’ alert based upon the decision-height, and callouts while descending through various radio altitudes (1000’, 500’, 200’, 100’, 50’, 40’, 30’, 20’ and 10’). Also provides a ‘Bank angle’ alert based upon excessive aircraft roll.
The Predictive Windshear (PWS) detection function detects microburst
visual aural during takeoff and landing red black yellow regardless of off, 2300 1200 50 100knots The Predictive Windshear (PWS) detection function detects microburst
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windshear hazard to provide visual and aural alerts during takeoff and
landing. PWS alerts consist of an ICON of red and black bands with
yellow boundaries showing location of any detected windshear on the
NDs, appropriate messages on the PFDs, and aural alert through
cockpit speakers/headsets.
PWS detection function is automatically activated in flight, regardless of
radar mode selection (including OFF), when the airplane is below 2,300
feet radio altitude.
Cockpit alerts are generated when the airplane is below 1,200 feet AGL
and a microburst is detected.
During takeoff, warning alerts are inhibited from 100 knots airspeed
until reaching 50 feet AGL.
Alerts are inhibited below 50 feet AGL during landing.
WARN_012 Recall the function of the TERRAIN switch on the Enhanced
what is the terrain switch on the EGPWS
push illuminates blue OVRD legend and disables the enhanced functions Basic EGPWS modes are not effected Enhanced functions can also be disabled automatically
Takeoff warning factors
Brakes Parking brake set,flaps not in agreement with setting entered in FMS, Slats not in takeoff,spoilers not stowed Stabilizer not in green band, Rudder trim not centered
indications associated with deviating or approaching a selected altitude
Aural C-chord followed by voice Altitude, Visual PFD altitude box turns amber and flashes, Condition deviating or approaching selected altitude
Recall the conditions which would prevent a green takeoff or landing
checklist-complete box to be displayed in the essential items checklist
area:
The takeoff essential items checklist consists of the following ordered
list of conditions and boxed messages.
When all takeoff conditions have been satisfied, a green takeoffchecklist-
complete box is displayed in the essential items checklist
CONDITION MESSAGE COLOR 6 items
STAB not in green STAB TRIM White
Rudder Trim not centered RUDDER TRIM White
Slats not in takeoff SLAT White
Flaps not in takeoff FLAP White
Park brake on BRAKES White
Auto ground spoilers not armed SPOILER White
The landing essential items checklist consists of the following ordered
list of conditions and messages.
When all landing conditions have been satisfied, a green landingchecklist-
complete box is displayed in the essential items checklist
area.
CONDITION MESSAGE COLOR 3 items
Landing gear not down LANDING GEAR White
Flaps not in landing FLAP White
Spoilers not armed SPOILERS White
max takeoff and landing tailwind
10knots or 10-0
