Warfare 1900-Present Day Flashcards
1
Q
Weapon continuity
A
- cannons, rifles, machine guns in WW1
2
Q
Tactics/ strategy continuity
A
- trench warfare
- cavalry deployed start of WW1
3
Q
Composition continuity
A
- small during peacetime
- infantry confront enemy
- bombard enemy
4
Q
Recruitment continuity
A
- WW1 volunteers
5
Q
Training continuity
A
- volunteers unprepared for war
6
Q
Provisions continuity
A
- war office supplied army
7
Q
Experience of Warfare continuity
A
- press coverage made more people aware
8
Q
War reporting continuity
A
- news papers reported war
9
Q
Weapons change
A
- tanks, aircraft
- nuclear weapons
- infantry equipment (night vision/ telescopic)
10
Q
Tactics/ strategy change
A
- trench warfare with aircraft/ tanks to end stalemate
- asymmetric warfare
- guerrilla warfare
- chemical warfare
11
Q
Composition change
A
- size army smaller
- tanks replaced cavalry
- infantry 25%
- 55% specialist troops
12
Q
Recruitment change
A
- haldane’s reforms: regular/ territorial army
- home guard ‘dads army’, ‘Woman’s service’ (total warfare era)
- after 1960 conscription ended
13
Q
Training change
A
- improved significantly high tech weapons
- officer training
14
Q
Provision change
A
- specialist troops (explosive ordnance disposal)
- railways
- ministry defence oversees
- medicine improved
15
Q
Experience of Warfare change
A
- civilian targets, homelessness and refugees
- Defence of Realm Act
- fears of nuclear war
- rationing (Blitz)
16
Q
War Reporting change
A
- censorship
- propaganda
- watch war from home (tv)
- embedded journalism
- attitude changes (lives lost, cost£)
17
Q
Battle of the Somme 1916, Key Points
A
- rival trenches could be 50 metres apart, reserve trenches further back, ‘no mans land’ in between
- trenches built from wood
- hand to hand combat with flame throwers/ grenades
18
Q
Battle of the Somme 1916, events
A
- July 1st, 120 000 infantry attacked ‘creeping barrage’
- preparation was bombardment for 7 days
- by Nov little ground gained (600,000 allies and 500,000 German casualties)
19
Q
Battle of the Somme 1916, importance
A
- artillery bombardment weak
- raw British troops
- German trenches strong (9 metres deep)
- pressure on General Haig
20
Q
Iraq War 2003, key strategies
A
- bombardment of artillery on Iraqi outposts, ports, oil terminals
- ground attacks
- daily aircraft raids
21
Q
Iraq War 2003, High-tech weapons
A
- aircraft with bombs + undetectable
- ‘smart bombs’
- challenger Tanks 35MPH
- drones
- satilites
22
Q
Iraq War 2003, reasons for outcome
A
- Coalition asymmetric warfare
- USA $50 billion, UK $1 billion shock and awe artillery
- guerrilla warfare kept coalition in Iraq for 8 years despite winning in 20 days
- withdraw as other unofficial army had 2007
23
Q
Iraq War 2003, Success?
A
- yes: defeated forces, removed Suddam Hussain, high tech weapons used effectively
- no: rise of ISIS, there for 8 years, guerrilla warfare hard to defeat, coalition condemned for entering (fears of WMDs but not evidence)
