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History > Cold War C1 (Origins Of The Cold War) > Flashcards

Cold War C1 (Origins Of The Cold War) Flashcards

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1
Q

Why did the grand alliance brake down?

A
  • contradicting ideologies communist and capitalist
  • Britain fighting to save Poland, though SU were fighting to win it
  • Stalin felt like west left fighting against Russia for too long
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2
Q

Tehran Conference 1943 (co-operation)

A
  • USA open up 2nd front called D-Day
  • FDR strong relationship with Stalin
  • SU help with Japan
  • United Nations
  • Spheres of influence
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3
Q

Tehran Conference 1943 (tensions)

A
  • overdue western front
  • Poland give land to SU
  • Ideologies can’t live together
  • disagreement over Germany
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4
Q

Yalta Conference 1945 (co-operation)

A
  • Germany pay for repairs ext
  • Germany split in 4 zones
  • declarations post-nazi rule free elections
  • SU declared war on Japan and get land back
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5
Q

Yalta Conference 1945 (tensions)

A
  • couldn’t agree on democracy

- USA free elections as SU wanted one party

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6
Q

Potsdam Conference 1945 (co-operation)

A
  • Germany reduced by 1/4
  • leading Nazis on trial and denazified areas
  • SU keep original territory (Poland, Finland, Hungry ext)
  • allies gave 1/4 of industrial equipment
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7
Q

Potsdam Conference 1945 (Tension)

A
  • Stalin poor and unhappy as he believed they won the war
  • ‘get tough’ policy Truman not working with Stalin
  • Stalin did not agree with Yalta decelerations
  • Truman bullying conference with atomic bomb
  • SU army had 3 mil men, invasion
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8
Q

3 reason for arms race development 1945-1956

A
  • fear
  • mistrust
  • America protecting the world
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9
Q

3 bombs created during arms race

A
  • A bomb, US then SU
  • Hydrogen bomb, US and SU
  • B52 bomb, US had ‘first strike’ SU no long distance bomb
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10
Q

3 ways Soviets Exspanded

A
  • percentage deal (Churchill giving too much land)
  • Imposes authority (satilite states)
  • Rationalising (each state had certain job eg. Hungry produced trucks)
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11
Q

What were Satellite States?

A
  • broke Yalta Decleration
  • pro communist government 1 party
  • kidnapped political opponents
  • secret police
  • threatened people into vote
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12
Q

What was said in Churchill’s ‘Iron Curtain’ speech March 1946?

A
  • Stalin wanted to control Europe
  • Stalin wanted Iron Curtain as division
  • Allies act before it’s too late
  • SU a major threat
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13
Q

Long Telegram (1946)

A
  • SU destroy US life
  • Greatest ever threat to US
  • Containment, stop spread of Communism
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14
Q

Novikov Telegram (1946)

A
  • US want to dominate world
  • US no cooperation
  • capitalists elites preparing US for war
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15
Q

4 key features of Truman Doctrine (1947)

A
  • world had choice of ideologies
  • America fight for liberty when threatened
  • America send troops and aid against SU
  • Containment
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16
Q

3 key features of the Marshall Plan

A
  • provided coal for Denmark, Automotive manufacturing help and western aid
  • America give 13 billion to countries if they trade
  • Economic alliance with European countries could never leave US due to money
17
Q

2 ways Stalin responds to the Marshall Plan

A
  • makes European countries reject it

- called it “dollar imperialism” US buying an empire

18
Q

Cominform + impact on relations (1947)

A
  • full control of Satellite States from Moscow

- weakened relations as looked like threat

19
Q

Comecon + impact on relations (1949)

A
  • disobey Marshall Plan
  • economic development in satellite states
  • weakened relations as no trade with west
20
Q

5 reasons Berlin became flashpoint in 1948

A
  • West not same mistake as Treaty of Versaille led to Hitler
  • Wether should be communist or capitalist
  • Reparations from Germany
  • Zonal division temporary of permanent
  • Pocket of capitalism in Communism
21
Q

3 US reactions to Berlin Flashpoint

A
  • allied control commission (soldiers on boarders)
  • Trizonia and Berlin only split up into 2
  • Deutschmark new currency created division
22
Q

Main consequence of US reactions to Flashpoint

A
  • Berlin Blockade where Stalin blocked all entrances into Berlin
  • it was a gamble
23
Q

Adv/disad of Withdraw from Berlin

A
  • cheaper, won’t worsen situation, already in their zone

- gives into Stalin, weakness, Stalin take more

24
Q

Adv/dis Supply Berlin

A
  • not showing weakness, capitalist strong, humanitarian mission
  • seen as threat, shot down, expensive, increase tension
25
Q

Adv/disad of Drive into Berlin

A
  • shows strength, take over checkpoints, cheaper than flying

- threat, force, ground fighting

26
Q

Build up to Berlin Airlift

A
  • vote against combining communist and capitalist (Stalin setback)
  • USSR wanted their own currency
27
Q

Berlin Airlift details

A
  • 2 mil people with resources
  • every 30 seconds planes with supplies
  • Berlin politician gave inspiring speech
  • Soviets gave up
28
Q

Why was Berlin Airlift Successful?

A
  • efficient
  • Citizens helped
  • not military so couldn’t shoot down
  • peaceful propaganda
29
Q

Consequences of Berlin Airlift (1949)

A
  • West and East Germany created that were separate counties
  • further tensions as SU used aggressive act
  • propaganda against SU
30
Q

NATO (1949)

A
  • North Atlantic Treaty Organisation

- unite capitalist stats and could support each other

31
Q

Warsaw Pact (1955)

A
  • Soviet version of NATO

- Controlled countries under Soviet control

32
Q

Nuclear Deterrent

A

As US AND SU both had nuclear weapons it would stop powers from attacking due to the response the attacked country could have

33
Q

Significance of Eisenhower in office (1953)

A
  • used anti communism in election protest
  • containment
  • open to talks with SU
34
Q

Significance of Khrushchev in office (1956)

A
  • criticised Stalin
  • improve relations with west
  • peaceful co-existence with both ideologies
35
Q

5 key events of Hungarian uprising (1956)

A
  • demonstrations in Budapest for free elections due to unpopular Rákosi
  • Nagy became Prime Minister
  • SU troops withdraw with free elections
  • Nagy announces leave Warsaw Pact
  • SU troops return and regain with force
36
Q

Consequences of Hungarian Uprising on (Hungary)

A
  • Nagy executed
  • 20,000 Hungarians killed
  • Hungarian refugees
37
Q

Consequences of Hungarian Uprising on (SU)

A
  • lost supplies
  • Propaganda
  • Warsaw Pact close to getting destroyed
38
Q

Consequences of Hungarian Uprising on (superpower relations)

A
  • nuclear war threat as SU crossed line
  • UN special enquiry but SU refused
  • SU extreme measures spread fear

History (16 decks)

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