Cold War C2 (Cold War Crisis)

Question 1

4 main problems with Berlin

Answer 1

• riots
• east Germans left
• quality of life poor in east
• skilled workers left to west

Question 2

Berlin Ultimatum + problem

Answer 2

• Khrushchev wanted Berlin to be demilitarised and made a free city
• problem was people though SU would just take it for themselves

Question 3

Geneva Summit Meeting 1959

Answer 3

• not much just Khrushchev agreed to visit USA

Question 4

Camp David Summit Meeting 1959

Answer 4

• Eisenhower and Khrushchev met face to face

- agreed to remove ultimatum and improved relations

Question 5

Paris Summit Meeting 1960

Answer 5

• soviets shot down USA planes
• interrogated them and found out they were spy’s
• humiliated USA, weakened relations

Question 6

Vienna Summit Meeting 1961

Answer 6

• JFK was now president but he wanted to build military and resolve talks
• Khrushchev renewed ultimatum
• weakened relations and USA spend 2 billion prepared for war

Question 7

Good/bad reasons for Berlin wall in 1961 for Khrushchev

Answer 7

• stopped people crossing

- abandon plans to make whole of Berlin communist

Question 8

Good/bad reasons for Berlin wall in 1961 for Kennedy

Answer 8

• could control communists and they accepted the divide. West emblem of freedom
• stopped capitalism from growing

Question 9

Consequences of Berlin Wall on Germany

Answer 9

• escape from east difficult
• divided families
• felt let down by USSR and USA

Question 10

Consequences of Berlin Wall on USSR

Answer 10

• made look aggressive

- solved refugee crisis

Question 11

Consequences of Berlin Wall on Superpower relations

Answer 11

• increases tension
• wall symbol for division
• near to war
• JFK publicly criticised wall

Question 12

3 main points of tension in Cuba

Answer 12

• US reluctant to recognise new communist government under Fidel Castro once run by US
• Cuba took US land
• Khrushchev and Castro signed agreement for economic aid and secret soviets arms to be stationed

Question 13

4 reasons why Bay of Pigs failed

Answer 13

• volunteers in US had little experience
• didn’t have air strikes
• Castro new about invasion and was prepared outnumbering
• US thought people would switch sides, but they were happy

Question 14

4 effects Bay of Pigs on international relations

Answer 14

• improved SU and Cuba relations
• shown communist is popular
• SU could black mail US as they had missiles near by
• USA blamed SU for building empire, humiliating as they were trying to do the same

Question 15

What was Excomm in 1962?

Answer 15

• executive committee with hawks (aggressive) and doves (peaceful) politics
• decided to set up a naval blockade of Cuba to stop Soviet Ships

Question 16

4 main consequences of Cuban Missile Crisis

Answer 16

• nuclear non proliferation treaty (stop spread of weapons)
• outer space treaty (no attacks from space)
• test ban treaty (no testing in space or underwater)
• hotline between Washington and Moscow

Question 17

Positive Outcomes of Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962

Answer 17

• increased relations due to MAD (Mutually Assured Destruction)
• Kennedy shown to be strong leader
• Kennedy increased popularity as Turkey agreements about removing weapons wasn’t public
• Safety for Cubans

Question 18

What what the Prague Spring in 1968?

Answer 18

• Czechs unhappy with their leader

- Brezhnev appointed Dubcek as Czech leader

Question 19

Socialism with a Human Face

Answer 19

• Dubcek’s policies for a ‘nicer’ form of communisms
• more political parties
• Control reduced
• more popular
• trade with rest

Question 20

Why did Brezhnev send troop in to Prague?

Answer 20

• Yugoslavian and Romain leader met with Dubcek

- they thought other countries would follow and loose ‘sphere of influence’

Question 21

4 consequences of Prague Spring

Answer 21

• USA outraged
• Poland was angry as they wanted reforms
• France cut links with SU
• Sign Communism was loosing authority