War of the Third Coalition

Question 1

What broke down between Britain and France?

Answer 1

1803 the Peace of Amiens - a temporary armed truce between Britain and France.

Question 2

Who joined as an ally of France?

Answer 2

1804,Spain joined the war as an ally of France, giving Napoleon the ships he needed to challenge Britain.

Question 3

How many vessels did France have?

Answer 3

33 ships of the line faced 27 British vessels.

Question 4

What style of fighting was there at Trafalgar?

Answer 4

Fighting at close quarters. Cannons Muskets and Rifles

Question 5

What was the range of canons in the 1800’s?

Answer 5

range of up to 800 metres, although grapeshot went considerably less.

Question 6

Who was one of the French commanders?

Answer 6

Horatio Nelson - He was fatally shot during his victory at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, aged 47.​

Question 7

Why did Britain win?

Answer 7

Faster and more effective British gunnery steadily wearing down the enemy.

Question 8

How many British ships fought the early stages of the battle?

Answer 8

12 - Suffering some 1200 deaths and casualties.

Question 9

Why did the British win?

Answer 9

Comparative ability of naval commanders.

Question 10

What did the Battle lead to?

Answer 10

The Berlin Decree - Continental trade system.

Question 11

When was the Battle of Ulm?

Answer 11

14 October

Question 12

What happened to Austrian, Werneck’s troops?

Answer 12

Werneck’s corps was overwhelmed in a series of actions at Langenau, Herbrechtingen, Nördlingen, and Neresheim.

Question 13

What had Napoleon done by 16th October?

Answer 13

Surrounded Mack’s entire army at Ulm - Mack surrendered with 25,000 men.

Question 14

Why was it a success in terms of the troop?

Answer 14

They were taught to move fast in smaller detachments.

Question 15

How did Napoleon’s meritocracy contribute to the success?

Answer 15

He inspired them and had promoted them. He described Ney as “The bravest of the brave”.

Question 16

What evidence is there of enemy weakness?

Answer 16

Austrians used the Gregorian calendar, the Russians were still using the Julian calendar - Austrians were brought into conflict with the French before the Russians could come into line.

Question 17

What was the success of this battle tampered by?

Answer 17

The news that the French and Spanish navy was battered at Trafalgar one day later, 21st October, 1805.​

Question 18

When was the Battle of Austerlitz?

Answer 18

2nd December 1805.

Question 19

What did Napoleon do to lure the enemy into battle?

Answer 19

Said the French army was in a pitiful state, even abandoning the dominant Pratzen Heights near Austerlitz.

Question 20

How did Napoleon gain victory?

Answer 20

With the Allied centre demolished, the French swept through both enemy flanks and sent the Allies fleeing chaotically, capturing thousands of prisoners in the process.

Question 21

Who was the Battle against?

Answer 21

Russia and Austria

Question 22

How did Bonaparte successfully show leadership?

Answer 22

He hid 17,000 forces in the morning fog. He chose the battlefield.​

Question 23

What evidence was there of enemy weakness?

Answer 23

The Austrians and Russians were divided and over confident.​

Question 24

What is this battle widely regarded as?

Answer 24

The greatest victory achieved by Napoleon

Question 25

How large were allied forces?

Answer 25

89,000

Question 26

What treaty followed shortly after?

Answer 26

Treaty of Pressburg followed on 26 December. Pressburg took Austria out of both the war and the Coalition.

Question 27

What did the Battle confirm?

Answer 27

Austrian loss of lands in Italy and Bavaria to France, and in Germany to Napoleon’s German allies.

Question 28

What was imposed on the Austrians as a result?

Answer 28

Indemnity of 40 million francs

Question 29

What critical change did the Battle permit?

Answer 29

The creation of the Confederation of the Rhine, a collection of German states intended as a buffer zone between France and Central Europe, making HRE useless.

Question 30

What did the battle not establish?

Answer 30

Lasting peace on the continent - sparked the War of the Fourth Coalition in 1806. ​