Reforms as Consul Flashcards
What did the Constitution of Year XII outline?
Introduced French empire with Napoleon as emperor.
When did the coronation for emperor happen?
2nd December, 1804 - Crowned himself emperor of French
Why was the army deemed to be fully supportive of Napoleon as emperor?
Deemed to have all voted for this without casting a vote as he was their commander in chief.
Why was there a public interest in keeping Napoleon in power?
He would not return Church land or emigre nobles land. Also won wars.
How democratic was the constitution?
- 6 million active citizens elected communal list of 600,000 who chose the department list of 60,000 who chose the National list of 6000.
Limited democracy.
Who chose the members of the Legislature and Tribunal?
Senate who was chosen by Bonaparte from richest nobles.
Who verified legislation?
The executive group - First Consul, Senate and Council of State.
What revolutionary changes limited religion?
State now registered births, deaths and marriage.
What did Napoleon create of himself theologically?
Made churches teach reverence of him in 1806 and created St. Napoleon Day.
How much did the clergy fall?
Fell from 130,000 in 1789 to 36,000 in 1814.
How did Napoleon heighten the prestige of his family?
Placed them in high positions ie. brother was archbishop.
Did Napoleon tolerate other faiths?
Yes
Whose control was the state under?
State - clergy were appointed and paid by the government.
When was the civil code renamed?
21st March 1804 - Napoleonic Code
What four sections was the Napoleonic code divided into?
1/ Persons
2/ Property
3/ Acquisition of property
4/ Civil Procedure
Where was the Napoleonic code implemented?
1804 - Areas under French control ie. Belgium
Later introduced to conquered territories ie. Netherlands.
What does Historian Holtman say about the code?
‘One of the few documents that have influenced the whole world’.
What decision regressed on Revolutionary principle?
Napoleon reintroduced slavery in 1802 in French Caribbean colonies to fund his wars.
When was Napoleons army defeated in regards to slavery?
May 1803 - Saint Dominique, slave uprising.
Became independent republic of Haiti in 1804.
What did Napoleon reintroduce with the Bank of France?
Paper assignats, valuable metal for currency ie. The Franc Germinal was solid gold.
Who ran the bank of France?
Napoleon.
What was improved about the Bank of France?
One national bank with sole right to issue paper notes - less inflation.
Better control of taxes.
Franc Germinal had tightly controlled metal content.
What were the limitations of the Bank of France?
It was reliant on loot seized in war and reparations by defeated nations such as Austria.
Why was education dictatorial?
Teachers and curriculum chosen by Napoleon.
What did Napoleon run education along the lines of?
Military as it would easily fit into the society Napoleon was creating.
How many schools were there by 1802?
45 Elite schools, 300 normal secondary and 6,400 scholarships offered.
Who were private schools ran by?
The Church - did not have government appointed teachers.
What was no longer taught?
Ideas of the Enlightenment.
What gender limitation was there?
Ther was no secondary education for girls.
