The Coup of Brumaire in 1799 Flashcards

1
Q

How did Foreign War become a catalyst for Napoleons coup?

A

Austria and France at war in March 1799 - best army in Egypt and Syria yet suffered a series of losses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How had coups become an accepted norm?

A

The coup of 30 Prarial - ousted Jacobins and left Sieyes as ruler of Directory.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When was the coup of Brumaire?

A

9th November, 1799

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What was the plan of the coup?

A

Troops deployed around Paris, persuade Directors to reign and then the Councils would draw up new constitution.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What did Lucien Bonaparte falsely persuade the Councils of?

A

That a Jacobin Coup was taking place on 9th November.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What was Napoleon given command of?

A

The safety of the two councils and command of all available troops.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Who resigned later that morning?

A

Sieyes, Ducos and later Barras, destroying the directory.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Who resisted the coup?

A

The two Jacobin directors - Gohier and Moulin. They were both arrested on day two.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What did Napoleon do on the 10th November?

A

Stormed into chambers - coup within the coup.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How did the Councils respond to Napoleon?

A
  • He told Council of Ancients ‘the Republic had no government’ and was met with heckling.
  • Council of 500 outright assaulted him.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What did the Council of Ancien’s pass later that day?

A

Decree suspending councils for three months and appointed Napoleon, Sieyes and Ducos as three consuls.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What was the impact of the decree?

A

The Directory and two councils came to an end.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How did Napoleon gain power for himself?

A

Sieyes was removed from consular within one month.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What proved the revolution was over?

A

There was a lack of reaction from the streets.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happened to resisting Jacobin officeholders?

A

Quickly crushed, twenty Jacobin deputies exiled and others arrested.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What was the constitution of Year VIII absent of?

A

First constitution without a Declaration of Rights.

17
Q

What did Napoleon insist?

A

That he was First Consul which had greater power.

18
Q

What allowed Napoleon to rule by decree?

A

The Senat Conservateur - Council of State and Tribunat became relatively unimportant.

19
Q

What was the terminology specifically modelled on?

A

The Roman system, reminding the French of stability, order and peace.

20
Q

What confirmed the new constitution?

A

A public referendum in 1800, vesting power in first consul.

21
Q

What percentage of approval was there from the public?

A

99%, however vote conducted by Lucien Bonaparte.

22
Q

What three parliamentarian assemblies did the new government consist of?

A

1/ Council fo State - drafted Bills
2/ The Tribunat - debated bills instead of voted
3/ Legislative Assembly - could not discuss but voted.

23
Q

Who was the ultimate authority with?

A

The three consuls who were elected for ten years. But in 1802 the first consul was made lifetime.

24
Q

What was retained?

A

Popular suffrage.

25
Q

What did Napoleon say about politics?

A

‘In politics stupidity is not a handicap’