Overthrow of the Monarchy Flashcards

1
Q

What did the Declaration of the Rights of man remove?

A

King’s absolute autonomy, making the execution an inevitable consequence.

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2
Q

What could Louis no longer be considered as?

A

A hostage or as leverage in negotiations with the invading forces.

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3
Q

When/where did the ‘iron chest’ incident take place?

A

In November 1792, took place at the
Tuileries Palace.

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3
Q

When/where did the ‘iron chest’ incident take place?

A

In November 1792, took place at the
Tuileries Palace.

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4
Q

What was Louis considered as?

A

A traitor, trying to agitate insurrection.

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5
Q

When was Louis arrested and where was he sent?

A

13 August 1792 and sent to the
Temple, an ancient fortress in Paris that was used as a prison.

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5
Q

When was Louis arrested and where was he sent?

A

13 August 1792 and sent to the
Temple, an ancient fortress in Paris that was used as a prison.

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6
Q

What happened on 21 September?

A

The National Assembly declared France to be a Republic and abolished the monarchy. Louis was lost his titles and honours, and from this date was known as Citizen Louis Capet.

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7
Q

What was he charged with at trial?

A

Treason.

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8
Q

Who would the evidence be tried by?

A

National Convention, composed of 721 deputies.

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9
Q

What were the 3 questions the convention would be voting on?

A
  • Is Louis guilty?
  • Should there be an appeal to the people?
  • What punishment, if guilty, should he suffer?
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10
Q

When did the convention vote on the verdict?

A

On 15 January 1793. Given overwhelming evidence of Louis’s collusion with the invaders, the verdict was surely a foregone conclusion.

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11
Q

What happened at 7am on Louis’ structured app?

A
  • Confided last wishes to the priest
  • Royal seal was to go to the Dauphin and his wedding ring to the Queen.
  • He did not see his family.
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12
Q

What happened at 10am on Louis’ structured app?

A
  • The carriage arrived at Place de la Révolution and proceeded to an area where a scaffold had
    been erected
  • space surrounded by guns and drums, and by a
    crowd carrying pikes and bayonets.
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13
Q

Why was Louis’ speech hard to understand?

A

The noise of the drums made this difficult.

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14
Q

What did Louis say before he died?

A

“I die innocent of all the crimes laid to my charge”

15
Q

When was the guillotine first used?

A

France 1792 on conviction of theft
- Mainly used as deterrent for people opposing the revolution.

16
Q

What was the guillotine described as?

A

Instrument of equality.

17
Q

Who was it proposed by?

A

Dr. Joseph Ignace Guillotin

18
Q

What was the guillotine a symbol of?

A

the French revolution, being popularised as it was the execution method of the king and his Austrian wife followed by many counter-
revolutionists.

19
Q

Why was the guillotine effective?

A

Could execute many people quickly as
there was no room for human error as the
device relied on gravity and not someone with
a sword that could miss and botch the
execution.

20
Q

Where was Louis’ body transported to?

A

The old church of the Madeleine.

21
Q

When and where were Louis and his wife reburied?

A

On 21 January 1815 Louis XVI and his wife’s remains were re-buried in the Basilica of Saint-Denis.

22
Q

Who and when was Marie Antoinette tried?

A

Revolutionary Tribunal on 14 October 1793.

23
Q

What charge did her son Louis Charles make against her?

A

Incest - he was pressured to do so by the radical Jacques-Herbert who controlled him.

24
Q

What were the three main charges against her that she was declared guilty for?

A

depletion of the national treasury, conspiracy against the internal and external security of the State, and high treason because of her intelligence activities in the interest of the enemy.

24
Q

What were the three main charges against her that she was declared guilty for?

A

depletion of the national treasury, conspiracy against the internal and external security of the State, and high treason because of her intelligence activities in the interest of the enemy.

25
Q

When was the guillotined?

A

12:15pm on 16 October 1793.

26
Q

When was the guillotined?

A

12:15pm on 16 October 1793.

27
Q

What were her famous last words?

A

“Pardon me sir I did not do it on purpose” after accidentally stepping on her excecutioner’s shoe.

28
Q

When were both Marie and Louis’ bodies exhumed?

A

18 Jan 1815, during the Bourbon Restoration.

29
Q

Who is Louis XVII?

A

Louis XVII, born Louis-Charles, was the younger son of King Louis XVI of France and Queen
Marie Antoinette.

29
Q

Who is Louis XVII?

A

Louis XVII, born Louis-Charles, was the younger son of King Louis XVI of France and Queen
Marie Antoinette.

30
Q

Why was he imprisoned?

A

When his father was executed on 21 January 1793, during the middle-period of the French
Revolution, he became “King of France” in the eyes of the royalists. However, since France
was by then a republic, and Louis XVII had been imprisoned from August 1792.