Overthrow of the Monarchy Flashcards
What did the Declaration of the Rights of man remove?
King’s absolute autonomy, making the execution an inevitable consequence.
What could Louis no longer be considered as?
A hostage or as leverage in negotiations with the invading forces.
When/where did the ‘iron chest’ incident take place?
In November 1792, took place at the
Tuileries Palace.
When/where did the ‘iron chest’ incident take place?
In November 1792, took place at the
Tuileries Palace.
What was Louis considered as?
A traitor, trying to agitate insurrection.
When was Louis arrested and where was he sent?
13 August 1792 and sent to the
Temple, an ancient fortress in Paris that was used as a prison.
When was Louis arrested and where was he sent?
13 August 1792 and sent to the
Temple, an ancient fortress in Paris that was used as a prison.
What happened on 21 September?
The National Assembly declared France to be a Republic and abolished the monarchy. Louis was lost his titles and honours, and from this date was known as Citizen Louis Capet.
What was he charged with at trial?
Treason.
Who would the evidence be tried by?
National Convention, composed of 721 deputies.
What were the 3 questions the convention would be voting on?
- Is Louis guilty?
- Should there be an appeal to the people?
- What punishment, if guilty, should he suffer?
When did the convention vote on the verdict?
On 15 January 1793. Given overwhelming evidence of Louis’s collusion with the invaders, the verdict was surely a foregone conclusion.
What happened at 7am on Louis’ structured app?
- Confided last wishes to the priest
- Royal seal was to go to the Dauphin and his wedding ring to the Queen.
- He did not see his family.
What happened at 10am on Louis’ structured app?
- The carriage arrived at Place de la Révolution and proceeded to an area where a scaffold had
been erected - space surrounded by guns and drums, and by a
crowd carrying pikes and bayonets.
Why was Louis’ speech hard to understand?
The noise of the drums made this difficult.
What did Louis say before he died?
“I die innocent of all the crimes laid to my charge”
When was the guillotine first used?
France 1792 on conviction of theft
- Mainly used as deterrent for people opposing the revolution.
What was the guillotine described as?
Instrument of equality.
Who was it proposed by?
Dr. Joseph Ignace Guillotin
What was the guillotine a symbol of?
the French revolution, being popularised as it was the execution method of the king and his Austrian wife followed by many counter-
revolutionists.
Why was the guillotine effective?
Could execute many people quickly as
there was no room for human error as the
device relied on gravity and not someone with
a sword that could miss and botch the
execution.
Where was Louis’ body transported to?
The old church of the Madeleine.
When and where were Louis and his wife reburied?
On 21 January 1815 Louis XVI and his wife’s remains were re-buried in the Basilica of Saint-Denis.
Who and when was Marie Antoinette tried?
Revolutionary Tribunal on 14 October 1793.
What charge did her son Louis Charles make against her?
Incest - he was pressured to do so by the radical Jacques-Herbert who controlled him.
What were the three main charges against her that she was declared guilty for?
depletion of the national treasury, conspiracy against the internal and external security of the State, and high treason because of her intelligence activities in the interest of the enemy.
What were the three main charges against her that she was declared guilty for?
depletion of the national treasury, conspiracy against the internal and external security of the State, and high treason because of her intelligence activities in the interest of the enemy.
When was the guillotined?
12:15pm on 16 October 1793.
When was the guillotined?
12:15pm on 16 October 1793.
What were her famous last words?
“Pardon me sir I did not do it on purpose” after accidentally stepping on her excecutioner’s shoe.
When were both Marie and Louis’ bodies exhumed?
18 Jan 1815, during the Bourbon Restoration.
Who is Louis XVII?
Louis XVII, born Louis-Charles, was the younger son of King Louis XVI of France and Queen
Marie Antoinette.
Who is Louis XVII?
Louis XVII, born Louis-Charles, was the younger son of King Louis XVI of France and Queen
Marie Antoinette.
Why was he imprisoned?
When his father was executed on 21 January 1793, during the middle-period of the French
Revolution, he became “King of France” in the eyes of the royalists. However, since France
was by then a republic, and Louis XVII had been imprisoned from August 1792.
