W4: Chronic Inflammation Flashcards
Important factor in resolving acute inflammation
apoptotic neutrophils
- produce anti-inflammatory cytokines/lipid mediators
- decrease neutrophil infiltration
Ingestion of __ neutrophils by anti-inflammatory macrophages leads to release of anti-inflammatory cytokines/mediators:
apoptotic;
VEGF
IL-10
lipoxin
TGFb
Characteristics of chronic inflammation (4):
- Infiltration of immune cells
- Tissue destruction
- Continued effort to heal wound or repair (angiogenesis, fibrosis/scarring)
- Isolation or walling off -> granulomatous inflammation
Unique histological feature of chronic inflammation (granuloma formation)
multi-nucleated giant cell (fusion of isolated macrophages)
Caseating granuloma is associated with __ center.
cheesy (necrotic central area)
histological feature: no nuclei in middle
In response to chronic inflammation, fibrosis occurs via excess deposition of __ fibers.
Type I collagen
Caseating granuloma of lung is a sign of __ pathogenesis.
TB (by Mycobacteria tuberculosis)
Important cytokines in controlling TB (2)
TNFa
IL-12
An autoimmune disease of chronic inflammation
Sarcoidosis (formation of granulomas in various parts of the body)
Treatment for chronic inflammation:
Anti IL-1B, TNFa
glucocorticoid therapy
(all have side effects)
Chronic inflammation treatment with __ can lead to __ Syndrome.
glucocorticoid
Cushing (excess exposure to glucocorticoid)
