w3 thoracic cavity Flashcards
at what vertebrae level is the manubrium, body of the sternum and the diploid process
t2-t4
t5-t9
t10
ID the borders of the superior thoracic aperture and the inferior thoracic aperture
superior: body of T1, right and left rib 1, manubrium inferior: body of T12, right and left ribs 11 & 12, right and left costal margins, xiphisternal joint
where does the rib articulate with the vertebrae and the transverse process
vetebrae: articular facet
transverse process: tubercle
which ribs are true
false
floating
true: 1-7 attach to its own costal cartilage
false: 8-10
floating: 11-12
describe the movement of the ribs and the volume changes in the thoracic during inspiration
external intercostals pull up and out and volume increases
describe the movement of the ribs and the volume changes in the thoracic during expiration
the internal intercostals move down and in and the volume decreases
what muscle in the thoracic wall serves in proprioception
transversus thoracis muscle
what supplies the posterior intercostal arteries
Aorta
supreme intercostal artery ( supplied by costocervicaltrunk of the subclavian artery) in intercostal space 1 and 2
what supplies the anterior intercostal artery
they are paired so there is 2
internal thoracic upper half
musculophrenic lower half
what are the terminal branches of the internal thoracic artery
musculophrenic and the superior epigastric
what artery is inferior to rib 12
subcostal supplied by aorta
what artery is commonly rerouted in cardiac artery bypass surgeries and why
internal thoracic artery, because the anterior is compensated with anastomoses from the posterior and the superior epigastric will be compensated by the anastomoses with the inferior epigastric
what is the function of the pleural cavity
The pleural cavity between these membranes contains serous fluid. Surface tension in the serous fluid is crucial for holding the parietal and visceral pleurae together to prevent lung collapse and allow lung inflation
what turns the pleural cavity from a potential space to an actual cavity
During lung collapse, the parietal and visceral pleurae separate
what is the treatment for pleural effusion
thoracentesis to drain the excess fluid
at what level of the vertebrae is the thoracic plane and what is the significance of it
T4/T5
divides the superior mediastinum from the inferior mediastinum
what are the contents of the anterior mediastinum
middle mediastinum
posterior mediastinum
anterior:
thymus gland
Middle
- Vessels: roots of the great vessels of the heart
- nerves: phrenic nerve
- pericardium and heart
posterior
- arteries: descending aorta (thoracic aorta)
- veins: azygos system
- nerves: vagusnerves, esophageal plexus, sympathetic trunks, greater, lesser, and least splanchnic nerves
- lymphatics: thoracic duct, collecting trunks, posterior mediastinal lymph nodes
- esophagus
What forms the most superior border of the sternum? What forms the most inferior portion of the sternum?
suprasternal notch (jugular notch), xiphoid process
At what vertebral level is the sternal angle?
1.between T4 and T5
What structures define the superior thoracic aperture?
1.the body of T1, right and left first ribs and their costal cartilages, and the manubrium (specifically, its jugular notch)
Which structure is more medial, the internal thoracic artery or internal thoracic vein
vein
What vessel does the azygos vein drain into
superior vena cava, just superior to the right atrium of the heart
What vessel does the hemiazygos vein typically drain into
Generally, the hemiazygos vein crosses the vertebral bodies to drain into the azygos vein on the right side. However, the hemiazygos vein may also anastomose with the accessory hemiazygos vein superiorly, which drains into the left brachiocephalic vein.
