W3- heart development Flashcards
what structures do neural crest cells contribute to in heart development
Migrates from neural tube to the aortic artery and to arch 3,4,6
Endothelium of the aortic arch
outflow tracts
Endocardial cushion
Heart conduction
Valve formation
ANS neuron development
what other defects are associated with congenitial heart defects as a result of abnormal NCC
craniofacial abnormalities, defects in the parathyroid, thyroid and thymus
what would a defect in NKX2-5 (Tinman) cause
regulates heart formation so defect in this leads to defect in endocardial tube
what direction does blood flow in the embryo
caudal to cranial
what does the truncus arteriosus differentiate into
aorta and pulmonary trunk
what does the bulbus cordis differentiate into
smooth part of right ventricle (conus arteriousus)
smooth part of left venticle (aorticle vestibule)
aortic valves, pulmonary valves, aortic vestibule [LV], conus arteriosus/infundibulum [RV])
what does the primitive ventricle differentiate into
trabeculated ventricle R and L
what doe sthe primitive atrium differentiate into
trabeculated atrium R and L
what does the sinus venosus differentiate into
R –> smooth part of R atrium
L –> coronary sinus
oblique vein
where is the sinus transverse cardiac sinus located
Between pulmonary trunk, aorta and SVC and used in surgery
what are the Pectinate muscles and the trabeculae carneae derived from
primitive atria
primitive ventricle
what 3 structures lead to the formation of the smooth walls in the heart and what do these turn into
smooth walls are the inflow and outflow tracks
pulmonary vein, R sinus venosus, bulbus cordis
Both ventricles (outflow)- bulbus cordis
Left atrium (outflow)– pulmonary vein
Right atrium (outflow)– sinus venarum from the right horn of the R sinus venosus
what structure seperates the trabeculated wall and the smooth wall of the heart
Crista terminalis
what is a defect that can occur during dextral looping
dextrocardia= right sided heart
what forms the AV valves
what forms the semilunar valves
AV- endocardial cushion
semilunar- bulbis cordis
what are endocardial cushions formed from
NCC and jelly that is secreted from the mesocardium
what structures do the endocardial cushions contribute to
Mitral and bicuspid valves
Chordinae tendinae and papillary muscle
where does the endocardial cushion fuse to induce AV septation
Endocardial cushions fuse to septum prima
what leads to hypoplasia of the left atrium
clamping of the umbilical cord and decreased blood flow from the placenta
is the valve located in the septum primum or septum secundum
septum primum
septum secundum contains the foramen ovale which persists after closure as an indentation called the fossa ovalis
what three structures must fuse to complete the ventricular septation
membranous portion of IVS (there is a muscular one as well)
endocardial cushions
conotruncal ridges
what may occur as compensation for TGA
failure of fushion of the endocardial cushion/ IVS/conotruncal ridge and the formation of a Interventricular septum
outline the process of OFT septation
Neural crest cells associated with pharyngeal arches 3, 4 and 6 migrate into the truncus arteriosus and bulbus cordis –> forms conotruncal ridges –>
Elongation of arterial end –>
Ingrowth of the aorticopulmonary septum –>
counterclockwise rotation -_>
convergence of OFT, AV, and ventricular septa
how does an overarching aorta form
unequal split and the aorta will take some of the deoxy blood from right because its too big
what region may exhibit abnormal genesis in Transposition of the great
conotruncal region
aberrant neural crest cells migration in this region
pulmonary valvular atresia
what is the proper arrangement of the great arteries
with the pulmonary trunk exiting the heart anterior to the aorta and spiraling behind the aorta as it travels distally
