W3 - Soft Tissue Structure & Function Flashcards
Name the 3 types of tissue
Connective tissue
Muscular tissue
Epithelial tissue
Nervous tissue
What does epithelia tissue include
Epithelia (cells that cover internal and external surfaces) and glands (produce fluid secretions that either attach or derived from epithelia)
4 functions of epithelial tissue
Physical protection
Control permeability
Provide sensation
Produces specialised secretions
What is the structure of an epithelial cell?
Basil surface
Basement membrane
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Golgi apparatus
Lateral surfaces
Apical surface
Micro Villi
Cilia
How is epithelium classified?
Based on number of layers (single layer = simple or multiple layers = stratified) and cell a shape (flat squared or rectangular)
What does connective tissue do?
Connect epithelial tissue to the rest of the body
It’s never exposed to the outside environment and is highly vascular
What can connective tissue be classified into?
CT proper = loose, dense or adipose
fluid CT = blood and lymph
supporting CT = cartilage and bone
What is the function of connective tissue?
Structural framework for the body
Transports fluids and dissolved materials
Protect delicate organs
Supports surrounds and connects other types of tissues
Stores energy
Helps to defend body from invading microorganisms
What is cartilage?
Closely packed collagen fibres embedded in a firm matrix gel containing chondrocytes and proteoglycans
Name the three types of cartilage
Hyaline cartilage
Elastic cartilage
Fibrocartilage
What is hyaline cartilage?
Closely packed collagen fibres in matrix
Tough but flexible
Most common type
Found in most joints between the ribs and sternum, nasal cartilage and respiratory track
What is elastic cartilage?
Made from numerous elastic fibres
Resilient but flexible
Found in the external flap of the ear, auditory tube (ear canal), epiglottis (flap in the throat that separated oesophagus and trachea)
What is fibrocartilage?
Densely into woven collagen fibres
Durable and tough
Resistance compression and absorbs shock
Found between vertebrae, pubic bones and meniscus
What is a membrane?
When epithelial tissue and connective tissue combined
Name the four types of tissue membrane
Mucous membrane
Serous membrane
Cutaneous membrane
Synovial membranes
What is a mucous membrane?
Line passageway is that open to exterior including digestive respiratory urinary and reproductive tracks
Epithelial surfaces are kept moist to reduce friction and facilitate absorption and secretion
Made from a Thin layer of epithelial cells
What is a serous membrane?
Line the sealed internal subdivisions of the body cavities
Not opened to the exterior
Very thin and transparent
Family attached to body wall and organs that they cover
Produce Serous fluid to minimise friction
What is a synovial membrane?
Membrane around a joint cavity
Made up of connective tissue with a layer of macrophages and fibroblasts
Synovial fluid to help lubricate and nourish the hiding cartilage
What is the cutaneous membrane
Skin
Consists of two layers : epidermis (epithelial tissue) and dermis (connective tissue)
What is the function of cutaneous membrane?
To protect underlying tissues
To excrete salt water and waste products
To maintain temperature
To produce melanin and keratin
To synthesise vitamin D3
To store lipids
Sensations
