W28-L3: Leg, bones and muscles

Question 1

What are some features of the tibia bone?

Answer 1

shaft is triangular, medial surface is subcutaneous

Question 2

What is the oblique line on the posterior part of superior tibial shaft?

Answer 2

soleal line

Question 3

What do muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg do?

Answer 3

dorsiflex the foot and extend the toes

Question 4

What do muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg do?

Answer 4

plantarflex the foot and flex the toes

Question 5

What do muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg do?

Answer 5

evert the foot

Question 6

Where does the fascia in leg attach and what septa does it have?

Answer 6

fascia attaches to tibia and encircles all the muscles, has septa that divides the muscles into the three compartments

Question 7

Which compartment is divided into superficial and deep?

Answer 7

Posterior

Question 8

What are the borders of the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 8

bounded by tibia, interosseous membrane and anterior intermuscular septa and encircling layer of deep fascia

Question 9

What is the issue with the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 9

no give in these borders, issue with haematoma

Question 10

What are the three muscles from medial to lateral in the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 10

Tibialis anterior (dorsiflex, inversion)
Extensor hallicus longus
Extensor digitorum longus

Question 11

Where do the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg arise from?

Answer 11

all arise from anterior shift of tibia

Question 12

Where does the tibialis anterior insert?

Answer 12

medial

side of foot (pulls midline up=inversion) medial cuniform and 1st metatarsal

Question 13

What is the fibularis tertius?

Answer 13

split off digitorum longus

is small tendon that goes to 5th toe

Question 14

Where do EDL insert?

Answer 14

split into three components

middle phalanx has one, distal phalanx has two which attach either side

Question 15

Medial to lateral what are the tendons under the extensor retinaculum?

Answer 15

T=tibilias anterior
H = hallicus longus 
N=neurovascular
 D= digitorum
T= fibularis tertius

Timothy has a nasty, dirty toe

Question 16

What are the boundaries of the lateral compartment?

Answer 16

between anterior and posterior intermuscular septa

Question 17

What is in the lateral compartment?

Answer 17

just two muscle fibularis longus and brevis

Question 18

Where do fibularis longus and brevis arise from?

Answer 18

arise from the shaft of the fibula,

longus from proximal part, brevis from distal part

Question 19

Which one has the long tendon fibularis longus or brevis?

Answer 19

Fibularis longus

Question 20

Where do the tendons of fibularis longus and brevis run?

Answer 20

run down and pass behind lateral malleous, brevis grooves the bone (between malleous and longus tendon)

Question 21

Where does fibularis brevis insert?

Answer 21

base of the 5th metatarsal

Question 22

<p>Where does fibularis longus insert?</p>

Answer 22

<p>turns and travels across sole of foot, from lateral (grooves cuboid bone) to insert with tib anterior (1st meta&quot;tarsal&quot; sorry hannah and cunieform)</p>

Question 23

What are the muscles in the deep posterior compartment?

Answer 23

three muscles in deep posterior
mirror the three muscles in anterior compartment (mirror across interosseous membrane)

FDL, FHL and tibialis posterior

Question 24

Where does the gastrocnemius arise from?

Answer 24

two bellies from each of the condyles of the femur

Question 25

Where does the gastrocnemius insert?

Answer 25

common tendon of insertion, achillies tendon into posterior aspect of calceneus

Question 26

Where does the soleus arise from?

Answer 26

both the soleal line on tibia and also fibrous arch to fibula

Question 27

What forms the floor of the popliteal fossa?

Answer 27

popliteus

Question 28

What is plantaris?

Answer 28

muscle with short

belly and long slender tendon, is insignificant

Question 29

What muscle in the leg is associated with a significant venous plexus?

Answer 29

Soleus

Question 30

Where do poplietus and soleus insert?

Answer 30

all insert via tendo-achillies

Question 31

Where do the deep posterior muscles of the leg arise from?

Answer 31

The shaft of tibia

Question 32

What is order of structures from malleous to calcineous under the flexor retinaculum?

Answer 32

tom dick and very naughty harry

tom= tib post dick=digitorum
avn= artery, vein, nerve harry= hallicus