W2 flashcards
sound, hearing process & ear structures
1
Q
Amplitude & frequency
A
Amplitude = loudness
Frequency = pitch
2
Q
Hearing structures
A
outer ear (pinna, external auditory meatus, Tympanic membrane)
middle ear (ossicles & Ligaments & muscles)
inner ear (cochlea, auditory nerve)
3
Q
outer ear components
A
- pinna (outer layer)
- external auditory meatus (collects sound waves)
- tympanic membrane (seperates outer & middle ear)
4
Q
Middle ear components
A
- ossicles (transfer & amplify vibrations
- ligaments & muscles (push vibrations through ear)
5
Q
inner ear components
A
- cochlea (allows you to hear)
- auditory nerve (neural impulsives from cochlea - brain stem)
6
Q
hearing process
A
- SW travel through ear canal & strike the ear drum.
-SW enters through the pinna, and funneled through the external auditory canal - causes the tympanic membrane to vibrate
- Ossicles amplify this sound wave.
- Stapes move the vibrations in a piston like motion to the bone labyrinth structure.
- perilymph fluid in the bone labyrinth draws these vibrations into a spinal system.
- SW travel through the cochlear
- SW cause waves in the SCALA MEDIA - which has the ORGAN of CORTI
- this is how SW are stimulated
7
Q
hearing impairments
A
Conduction deafness = poor sound conduction to the fluids of the inner ear
Sensorineural deafness = Damage to the neural structures (from the cochlear hair cells to the auditory cortical cells)
