Vocab 2.2 Flashcards
Activation energy
The minimum amount of energy that must be added to a mixture of reactants for a chemical reaction to occur
Aerobic respiration
A process of cellular respiration which occurs with oxygen as a reactant and produces water.
Anaerobic respiration (fermentation)
A process of cellular respiration which occurs with little to no oxygen available, and produces an alcohol or acid instead of water
ATP
The primary molecule used by cells to store chemical energy for use in cellular processes
Autotroph
An organism that obtains its energy from an abiotic source, such as sunlight or inorganic chemical
Catalyst
A substance that speeds up or promotes a chemical reaction without being chemically changed by the reaction
Cellular respiration
The process by which cells convert chemical energy stored in various compounds, such as sugars, into useful energy for cellular processes; may be aerobic or anaerobic
Denature
A process that destroys the structure of an enzyme as a result of exposure to extreme pH or temperature, thus rendering it ineffective.
Energy
The ability of a system to do work or produce heat
Enzyme-substrate complex
The intermediate formed when a substrate interacts with the enzyme’s active site
Enzymes
Protein catalysts that increase the rate of biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
Law of conservation of mass
Law which states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions.
Matter
Anything that has volume and mass and is composed of atoms.
Photosynthesis
The process by which autotrophic organisms capture light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, thereby storing some of the captured energy in chemical bonds
Product
The ending substance, written on the right side of the chemical reaction arrow, that are created during a chemical change
